Act of Congress Redmont Civil Code Act

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES​

1. Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the 'Redmont Civil Code Amendments Act'.

(2) This Act shall be enacted either immediately upon its signage or immediately upon the signage of the Redmont Civil Code Act, whichever occurs later.

(3) This Act has been authored by ToadKing.

(4) This Act has been sponsored by Speaker Talion77.

(5) This Act has been co-sponsored by President of the Senate Omegabiebel.

2. Reasons and Intent

(1) To amend all the required laws to enable the Civil Code provisions and torts to take effect.

3. Repealed Laws

(1) Act of Congress - No More Defamation Act

(2) Act of Congress - Legal Damages Act

PART 2 — Amendments​

1. Criminal Code Act Amendments

(1) PART I: INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION of the Criminal Code Act shall be amended as follows:

“6 - Legal Principles

(1) Civil Damages
(a) In civil lawsuits, crimes may be used to seek damages, although damages are not presumed.
(b) Conviction is not a requirement for a crime to be regarded as a fact in a civil lawsuit; the default standard of proof for civil cases shall be used.
(c) Law regarding legal damages shall also apply to damages caused by crimes.”

(2) All remaining sections under PART I: INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION shall be reordered and renumbered as required.

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(3) PART VII: CORPORATE OFFENCES of the Criminal Code Act shall be amended as follows:

“20 - Auction Levy Neglect
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty:
(a) First offence - Up to 20 Penalty Units, or 10% of the winning bid, whichever is higher
(b) Subsequent offences - Up to 50 Penalty Units, or 30% of the winning bid, whichever is higher
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) fails to pay the required auction levy after winning an auction.
(b) more than a week has passed since consideration for the auction has passed.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Commercial Standards Act'”

(4) All remaining sections under PART VII: CORPORATE OFFENCES shall be reordered and renumbered as required.

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(5) PART VIII: PROPERTY OFFENCES of the Criminal Code Act shall be amended as follows:

“1 - Duty of Disclosure
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 20 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) fails to provide legally required property information or documents relevant to a transaction.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

2 - Historical Building Alterations
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty:
(a) Minor - 10 Penalty Units and warning;
(b) Major - 30 Penalty Units fine and plot eviction;
Demolition - 50 Penalty Units fine and plot eviction
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) changes the physical appearance of a preserved, historical building without permission or consent.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

3 - Plot Limitations
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Eviction and/or Department action
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) owns more properties than allowed under plot limitations, without a Realtor exemption.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

4 - Merged Plots
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Administrative action
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) treats merged plots as a single plot for ownership limits, rather than counting each sub-plot.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

5 - Plot Releases
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Administrative sanction
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) releases plots unfairly or in a manner that disadvantages players due to time zone.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

6 - Illicit Renting
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 3 Penalty Units; immediate eviction at landlord’s discretion
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) rents any apartment, office, storage, commercial space, or other rentable region despite the landlord having clearly posted restrictions prohibiting the tenant from renting said region.
Relevant Law: Bill: Draft - Criminal Terminology Act

7 - Breach of Property Standards
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 2 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) fails to comply with any part of the Property Standards Act.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

8 - Violating Business District Rules
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty:
(a) First offence - 10 Penalty Units;
(c) Subsequent offences - 25 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) rents more than two Business District regions at once; or
(b) rents a new player Business District region and first joined the server more than two months prior.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

9 - Wrongful Eviction
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 20 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) evicts a tenant without reasonable notice or refund.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Tenant Rights Act

10 - Unlawful Items in Residential Dwellings
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 1 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) places or maintains prohibited items, including farms, animals, liquid blocks, chest shops, or portals, in any apartment or residential dwelling.
Relevant Law:

11 - Unauthorised Leasehold
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 3 Penalty Units; eviction permitted
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) rents a region when restricted from doing so by law.
(b) occupies a government office without the appropriate authority.
Relevant Law: Bill: Vote - Criminal Terminology Act

12 - Trespass
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty:
(a) First offence - 3 Penalty Units
(b) Second offence - 5 Penalty Units + 5 min imprisonment
(c) Subsequent offences - 7 Penalty Units + 10 min imprisonment
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) enters or remains in a non-public or restricted area against instructions.
(b) is a landlord and enters a tenant's region without reasonable prior notice, unless an exemption applies.
Relevant Law:

Act of Congress Thread 'Tenant Rights Act'

Apr 10, 2021

A
BILL
To

Protect the Rights of Tenants​

The people of the Commonwealth of Redmont, through their elected Representatives in the Congress and the force of law ordained to that Congress by the people through the constitution, do hereby enact the following provisions into law:

1 - Short Title and Enactment
(1) This Act may be cited as the “Tenant Rights Act”
(2) This Act shall be enacted immediately upon its signage.

2 - Purpose
(1) As of currently tenants renting an apartment, store, chestshop, or any other rental space, have no legal rights.

3 -...

• Westray
• Replies: 11
• Forum: Property Law

13 - Residential Zoning Violation
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Administrative Action
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) builds anything other than a house on a residential plot; or
(b) builds a house with more than three visible floors, excluding basements and rooftops.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

14 - Commercial Zoning Violation
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Administrative Action
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) builds anything other than commercial buildings on a commercial plot; or
(b) exceeds the 60-block height limit without approval from the Department of Construction and Transport.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

15 - Industrial Zoning Violation
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Administrative Action
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) builds anything other than factories, warehouses, or production facilities on an industrial plot.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

16 - Skyscraper Zoning Violation
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Administrative Action
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) fails to build higher than 60 blocks on a skyscraper plot; or
(b) exceeds the 200-block height limit.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

17 - Urban Agriculture Violation
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Administrative Action
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) engages in agriculture on R, S, or BM plots; or
(b) fails to conceal agriculture conducted on I or C plots.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

18 - End Portal Obstruction
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Region removal
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) impedes the use of, regions over, or blocks access to an End Portal.
Relevant Law:”

(6) All remaining sections under PART VIII: PROPERTY OFFENCES shall be reordered and renumbered as required.

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(7) PART IX: MISCELLANEOUS OFFENCES of the Criminal Code Act shall be amended as follows:

“2 - Abuse of Public Resources
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 1 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) frivolously uses a government service sign.
Relevant Law:

3 - Academic Misconduct
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty:
1st Offence - 1 Penalty Unit
Subsequent Offences - 5 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) solicits answers to DOE-administered exam questions
Relevant Law:

4 - Breach of Academic Integrity
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 20 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) gives or sells answers to DOE-administered exam questions; or
(b) purchases or receives cheated answers and uses them in a DOE-administered exam. Anyone charged with Breach of Academic Integrity may not be simultaneously charged with Academic Misconduct for the same Offence.
Relevant Law:

7 - Suspension Violation
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 5 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) takes an exam for a government job in defiance of a department order to cease.
Relevant Law:

12 - Frivolous Government Application
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: 5 Penalty Units
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) creates a government job or expression of interest application without genuine intent.
Relevant Law:”

(8) All remaining sections under PART IX: MISCELLANEOUS OFFENCES shall be reordered and renumbered as required.

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2. Property Standards Act Amendments

(1) The Property Standards Act shall be amended as follows:

“15 - Duty of Disclosure
(1) Failure to Disclose
A tort that occurs when a party fails to provide the other parties with all legally required information and or documents which are relevant to a property.
Per Tort: The tort may be liable for treble damages incurred by the recipient as a result of the failure to disclose.
(a) A plea of ignorance to a report is not an admissible defense to failure to disclose.”

(2) All remaining sections under the Property Standards Act shall be reordered and renumbered as required.

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3. Commercial Standards Act Amendments

(1) The Commercial Standards Act shall be amended as follows:

“5 - Legal Application
(1) All offences within this law are Indictable Criminal Offences.
(2) Civil damages may be sought against these offences by way of the Legal Damages Act or a succeeding Act of the same nature.

7 - Employee Protections
(1) Unfair dismissal - The unjust termination of an employee. In determining if a termination was unjust, the following criteria must rightfully be considered:
(a) if the employee’s termination made financial sense given the regular business activities and necessity to maintain operations of the terminating party (such as in the case of normal company downsizing);
(b) whether or not the employee’s continued employment would have been a detriment to the workflow, reputation, or legal standing of the business;
(c) whether or not the dismissal was made primarily on the basis of any personally identifiable characteristics, including, but not limited to, gender, race, or political affiliation;
(i) Excepted from the provisions in §13.1.c are personally identifiable characteristics that are integral to the function of the terminated party's employment.
(d) other metrics that courts find necessary to consider in accordance with what may be considered unfair dismissal by any reasonable person and is consistent with the previous language and intent of this section. Courts may not construe this section in any way that creates a result that is odd, absurd, or otherwise inconsistent with this section or the intent thereof.
(2) Deferral of Responsibility - a worker cannot be held legally accountable where there is a deficiency in training provided by the employer, where training would reasonably be required.
(a) A worker cannot be sued for their individual actions when they are in accordance with lawful organisational directions and policy.
(b) The employer assumes all legal liability where policy is followed or the policy is unlawful.

10 - Extortion
(1) Definition: Extortion is defined as the act of obtaining something of value from someone through threats, force, or coercion, which can involve physical, financial, or other types of pressure.
(2) Parties may sue for the thing of value. If the thing of value is a decision, the commonwealth is to sue to reverse that decision.
(3) Exceptions: Extortion does not include lawful business practices, voluntary agreements, or actions taken under legal authority or judicial processes.”

(2) All remaining sections under the Commercial Standards Act shall be reordered and renumbered as required.

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4. Theft Criminalisation Act Amendments

(1) The Theft Criminalisation Act shall be amended as follows:

“7 - Larceny (Civil Tort)
(1) “Larceny” shall be a civil tort. The tort of Larceny may only arise from actions in the Reveille Isles (as defined in Section 4(2) of the National Borders Act) and its surrounding waters; it may not arise from actions in the End, Nether, wild, nor everwild.

(2) A person or legal entity (the “actor”) commits Larceny when, with intent to deprive another of property or to appropriate the same to that actor or to a third party, the actor wrongfully takes, obtains or withholds such property from an owner thereof.

(3) Larceny includes a wrongful taking, obtaining or withholding of another's property, with intent to deprive another of property or to appropriate the same to the actor’s self or to a third person, committed in any of the following ways:
(a) By stealing property that rightfully belongs to another with the intent of permanently depriving the rightful owner of that property; permanently depriving the owner of their personal property by using deception, lies, or by making false statements; embezzlement; or obtaining property by false pretenses; or
(b) By knowingly acquiring lost property;
(i) An actor knowingly acquires lost property when that actor exercises control over property of another which the actor knows to have been accidentally lost, or to have been delivered under a mistake as to the identity of the recipient or the nature or amount of the property, without taking reasonable measures to return such property to the owner;
(c) By false promise;
(i) An actor obtains property by false promise when, pursuant to a scheme to defraud, that actor obtains property of another by means of a representation, express or implied, that the actor or a third party will in the future engage in particular conduct, and when the actor does not intend to engage in such conduct (or, as the case may be, does not believe that the third party intends to engage in such conduct).
(ii) In any civil claim for Larceny based upon a false promise, the defendant's intention or belief that the promise would not be performed may not be established by or inferred from the fact alone that such promise was not performed. Such a finding may be based only upon evidence establishing that the facts and circumstances of the case are wholly consistent with guilty intent or belief and wholly inconsistent with innocent intent or belief, and excluding to a moral certainty every hypothesis except that of the defendant's intention or belief that the promise would not be performed; or
(e) By extortion.

(4) An actor who commits the tort of Larceny shall be liable for treble damages and shall be made to pay restitution in full.”

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5. Contracts Act Amendments

(1) The Contracts Act shall be amended as follows:

“7 - Breach of Contract
(1) A breach of contract occurs when a party fails to fulfil its contractual obligations.
(a) Remedies for breach may include damages, specific performance, or other equitable relief.

8- Misrepresentation
(1) Misrepresentation happens when a false statement induces another party to enter into a contract.
(a) Remedies for misrepresentation may include rescission, damages, or other appropriate relief.”

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6. Intellectual Property Act Amendments

(1) The Intellectual Property Act shall be amended as follows:

“5 - Breach of Copyright
(1) An individual or entity is deemed to have breached copyright when they engage in one or more of the following actions:
(a) Copying an individual's work.
(b) Distributing copies of work, whether free of charge or for sale.
(c) Renting or lending copies of an individual's work.
(d) Performing, displaying, or presenting an individual's work in public.
(e) Creating adaptations of an individual's work.
(f) Publishing an individual's work on the internet.
(g) Reproducing an individual's work.
(2) Penalties for breaching copyright shall include the return of all revenue generated from the use of the material to the original owner, along with reasonable compensation as determined by the Courts.

6 - Breach of Trademark
(1) An individual or entity is found to have breached trademark when they engage in one or more of the following actions:
(a) Producing, replicating or impersonating recognizable signs, designs, or expressions that identify a company, product, or service.
(2) Penalties for breaching trademark shall include the return of all revenue generated from the use of the material to the original owner, along with reasonable compensation as decided by the courts.”

(2) All remaining sections under the Intellectual Property Act shall be reordered and renumbered as required.

- This bill is the product of weeks of work building on End’s original Civil Code draft to create a modern, comprehensive framework for civil law. It does for civil law what the Criminal Code Act did for criminal law: it consolidates the scattered torts and civil harms into a single, coherent system, clarifies the rights of parties and third parties, and introduces proper mechanisms for counterclaims and crossclaims that were previously absent from the legislation. This should give citizens, businesses, and government officials a clear understanding of their rights, obligations, and remedies in non-criminal disputes.

The Act also cleans up the relationship between civil and criminal law by reclassifying certain minor summary offences from the Criminal Code into Administrative Violations, where they more appropriately belong. This ensures that conduct that should not be criminalised remains enforceable through fair, proportionate civil and administrative remedies, while decluttering the Criminal Code overall.

In short, this bill strengthens legal clarity across Redmont and is a necessary step in the continued development of our legal system.

I want to thank @Franciscus for his massive assistance, as well as @Kaiserin_ and @Omegabiebel for their helpful comments and review. I would also like to thank every other anonymous commenter who contributed their time and feedback to improving this bill.

Before Motions to Amend:

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES​

1. Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the 'LEA Hotfix 2: Electric Boogaloo Act.'

(2) This Act shall be enacted immediately upon its signage.

(3) This Act has been authored by Rep. ToadKing.

(4) This Act has been co-sponsored by Senator Omegabiebel.

(5) This Act amends the following acts:

(a) Legal Entity Act

(b) Redmont Civil Code Act

2. Reasons and Intent

(1) To resume the series of minor changes missed in the Drafting and Voting stages of the bill's life.

(2) To standardise the definitions and make them clearer.

PART II — AMENDMENTS​

3. Amendments to Legal Entity Act

(1) Section 3 of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"3 - Definitions

(1) For the purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply:

(1) “Outstanding shares” shall mean all shares not in the possession of that company.

(2) “Authorized shares” shall mean all shares authorized by the Certificate of Incorporation.

(3) The “formation instrument” shall be the instrument that forms the legal entity.

(4) For the purposes of this Act, a “person “shall mean a natural person or a legal entity.

(5) For the purposes of this Act, an “individual” shall mean a natural person.

(6) For the purposes of this Act, an “entity” shall mean a legal entity.

(7) “Winding up” shall mean the process of dissolving the company.

(8) The “registered name” of a legal entity shall be the name on the formation instrument.

(9) ”Shareholder” shall mean the holder of a share of a corporation.

(10) For the purposes of this Act, “member” shall mean the member of an LLC.

(11) For the purposes of this Act, “manager” shall mean the manager of an LLC.

(12) For the purposes of this Act, “class characteristic” shall mean the voting powers, full or limited, or without voting powers and in such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or special rights and qualifications, powers, conditions, obligations, limitations or restrictions of a class.

(13) A “resolution”, for purposes of this act, means a decision that is voted on.

(14) For the purposes of this Act, “filed in the Company Docket” shall mean posted as a post in the Company Docket thread corresponding to an entity.

(15) For the purposes of this Act, “registered shares” means the shares registered to a person in the Company Docket.

(16) For the purposes of this Act, “consolidated entity” means the new entity into which two (2) or more constituent entities are consolidated;

(17) For the purposes of this Act, “consolidation” means a procedure whereby any two (2) or more entities consolidate into a new entity incorporated by the consolidation;

(18) For the purposes of this Act, “constituent entity” means an existing entity that is participating in the merger or consolidation with one (1) or more other corporations;

(19) For the purposes of this Act, “agent” shall mean a person directly acting on behalf of the legal entity. This does not include legal representation or shareholders.

(a) Outstanding Shares. Means all shares not in possession of that company.

(b) Authorised Shares. Means all shares authorised by the Certificate of Incorporation.

(c) Formation Instrument. Means the instrument that forms the legal entity.

(d) Person. Means a natural person or a legal entity.

(e) Individual. Means a natural person.

(f) Entity. Means a legal entity.

(g) Winding Up. Means the process of dissolving the company.

(h) Registered Name. Means the name of a legal entity on the formation instrument.

(i) Shareholder. Means the holder of a share of a corporation.

(j) Member. Means the member of an LLC.

(k) Manager. Means the manager of an LLC.

(l) Characteristic. Means the voting powers, full or limited, or without voting powers and in such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or special rights and qualifications, powers, conditions, obligations, limitations or restrictions.

(m) Resolution. Means a decision that is voted on.

(n) Filed in the Company Docket. Means posted as a post in the Company Docket thread corresponding to an entity.

(o) Registered Shares. Means the shares registered to a person in the Company Docket.

(p) Consolidation. Means a procedure whereby any two (2) or more entities consolidate into a new entity incorporated by the consolidation.

(q) Consolidated Entity. Means the new entity into which two (2) or more constituent entities are consolidated.

(r) Constituent Entity. Means an existing entity that is participating in the merger or consolidation with one (1) or more other corporations.

(s) Agent. Means a person directly acting on behalf of the legal entity. This does not include legal representation or shareholders."

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(2) All instances of em-dashes "—" and double hyphens "--", found at the end of any and all sections/subsections to denote the start of a list, shall be replaced with colons ":".

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(3) Part I, Section 3 of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"3 - Receivership

(1) A legal entity in receivership shall be led by a receiver.

(2) A public government entity can only be placed in receivership on its financial affairs. Any receivership provision under this section shall be limited as such.

(3) A receiver shall have the power--

(a) of the directors, managers, officers, shareholders and members in a cumulative manner, and in case of an Incorporated Entity, without restriction of the formation instrument;

(b) to control all assets and liabilities;

(c) to suspend or restrict the voting powers of a shareholder or member;

(d) to suspend or restrict any direct or indirect control or voting power over the legal entity either through contracts, equity or debt instruments or any other instrument, even the control or voting power guaranteed by law;

(e) to suspend or restrict any control or power by a director, manager or officer;."

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(4) Part III, Section 3(2) of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"(2) A director, manager, officer, agent, or employee shall have the rebuttable presumption of acting in a manner that is in the best interest of the Incorporated entity where they have a direct conflict of interest and has disclosed this conflict or this conflict is known to the relevant parties."

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(5) Part III, Section 6(6) of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"(6) Unless otherwise provided by the formation instrument, Any shareholder, member, manager, or director may call for a resolution to be voted upon."

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(6) Part III, Section 7 of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"7 - Access to information

(1) Unless otherwise provided by the formation instrument, each manager and each director shall have unrestricted and absolute access to information regarding the status of the business, financial condition of the Incorporated Entity and other information regarding the affairs of the corporation as is just and reasonable

(2) Unless otherwise provided by the formation instrument, shareholders and members shall have reasonable access to information regarding the status of the business, financial condition of the Incorporated Entity and other information regarding the affairs of the corporation as is just and reasonable

(a) The directors and officers of an incorporated entity shall have the right to keep confidential from shareholders and members, for such period of time as the director or officer deems reasonable, any information for which:

(i) the director, officer, or manager reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets; or

(ii) the director, officer, or manager in good faith believes that the disclosure of such information is not in the best interest of the Incorporated Entity or could damage the Incorporated Entity or its business; or

(iii) the director, officer, or manager is required by law or by agreement with a third party to keep confidential."

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(7) Part III, Section 9 of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"9 - Dissolution and winding up

(1) Unless otherwise defined by law or by the formation instrument:

(a) The dissolution process shall be started by the adoption of a resolution advising dissolution by the directors.

(b) Such resolution shall be posted in the company docket.

(c) In order to approve the dissolution, shareholders or members must vote with at least a simple majority in approval.

(d) Following a shareholder vote in approval of a dissolution resolution, the Incorporated Entity shall wind down its affairs and post a Certificate of Dissolution in its company docket.

(2) Dissolution must be approved by shareholder or member resolution

(3) The approval of a dissolution resolution must be posted on the company docket.

(4) A dissolution resolution may contain and set out the process of winding up; this shall be binding.

(5) The dissolution resolution shall not override the formation instrument or the bylaws.

(6) The winding up of an Incorporated Entity shall be publicly announced by the DOC in #government-announcements (or any successor channel) and shall request any contractual parties, shareholders, members, creditors, and other persons with an interest to contact the wound-up company. This announcement must contain the names of the directors."

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(8) Part III, Section 10(6) of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"(6) In discharging their duties, a director, officer, manager, member, shareholder, employee, or other agent shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Incorporated Entity and upon such information, opinions, reports, or statements presented to the Incorporated Entity by any of the Incorporated Entity’s directors, officers, managers, employees, or by any other person as to matters the person reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Incorporated Entity."

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(9) Part IV, Section 1(3) of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"(3) The Certificate of Incorporation may set forth:

(a) Any provision for the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation;

(b) Any provision creating, defining, limiting and regulating the powers of the Corporation, the directors, the officers, the third parties, and the shareholders, or any class of the shareholders

(c) Provisions requiring the vote of a larger portion of the shares or of any class thereof, or of any other securities having voting power, or a larger number of the directors, than is required by this Act;

(d) A provision limiting the Corporation’s existence otherwise the Corporation shall have perpetual existence;

(e) A provision imposing personal liability for the Corporation on its shareholders to a specified extent and upon specified conditions;

(f) A provision setting the conditions for forfeit of the shares by shareholders or by the corporation from the shareholders;

(g) A provision setting the share class characteristics of the share classes, directors, officers, employees and other agents; and/or

(h) A provision setting the first directors."

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(10) Part V, Section 1(3) of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"(3) The Certificate of Formation may set forth:

(a) Any provision for the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the LLC;

(b) Any provision creating, defining, limiting and regulating the powers of the LLC, the managers, the third parties, and the members, or any class of the managers or members

(c) Provisions requiring the vote of a larger portion of the members or of any class thereof, or a larger number of the managers or of any class thereof, than is required by this Act;

(d) A provision limiting the Corporation’s existence otherwise the Corporation shall have perpetual existence;

(e) A provision imposing personal liability for the LLC on its members to a specified extent and upon specified conditions;

(f) A provision setting the conditions for admission and removal of members, managers or any class thereof;

(g) A provision setting the member class or manager class, employee or other agent characteristics; and

(h) A provision setting the first members or managers."

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(11) Part V, Section 3 of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"3 - Membership

(1) Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Formation, members shall be admitted by unanimous vote.

(2) Members with different characteristics shall be different member classes."

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(12) Part V, Section 5 of the Legal Entity Act shall be amended as follows:

"5 - Managers

(1) Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Formation, a person may be designated manager by resolution of members.

(2) Managers shall be regarded as directors.

(3) Managers with different characteristics shall be different manager classes."

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4. Amendments to RCCA

(1) PART X, Section 7 of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"7. Breach of Legal Entity Act
Violation Type: Administrative
Remedy: Up to 250 Civil Penalty Units; Compliance order; Company dissolution
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) fails to comply with any part of the Legal Entity Act after receiving a warning from the DOC 24 hours before the person was assessed this administrative violation.
(a) received a warning from the DOC in relation to a breach of the Legal Entity Act; and
(b) after 24 hours have elapsed, the person fails to comply with the warning.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) The person is taking reasonable steps to remedy their compliance.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Legal Entity Act"

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The people of the Commonwealth of Redmont, through their elected Representatives in the Congress and the force of law ordained to that Congress by the people through the constitution, do hereby enact the following provisions into law:


PART I — PRELIMINARIES

1 - Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the ‘Inaccessible Chestshops Act.’

(2) This Act shall take effect fourteen (14) days after signage to allow shop owners time to review their /find visibility settings.

(3) This Act has been authored by Citizen TheTomToms.

(a) This Act has been co-edited by Kiwi_Boi_Gamer.

(4) This Act has been proposed by Angryhamdog.

(5) This Act has been sponsored by Representative Just_Jada, Representative Angryhamdog, Senator zLost, and Speaker of the House Kaiserin.

(6) This Act amends the following Acts:

(a) Civil Code Act

2 - Reasons

(1) There are public chestshops which are currently inaccessible.

(2) Players are wasting time attempting to access public chestshops which are inaccessible .

(3) Mechanics already exist to allow inaccessible chestshops to become private. The /find toggle visibility [true/false] command provides reasonable implementation.

(4) Currently no law encourages or ensures accessibility to public chestshops.

(5) This Act will encourage and ensure public chestshops are accessible which will directly save players time and improve the overall player experience.

3 - Definitions

(1) For the purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) “Publicly Listed” — A chestshop that is visible to consumers through the /find command, ads listed in chat, or any other server-provided public interface.

(b) “Physically Accessible” — A chestshop that a consumer can reach and interact with through normal navigation of the retail establishment without requiring special permissions, unconventional movement techniques, or knowledge of hidden pathways.

PART II — AMENDMENTS AND VIOLATION PROCESS

4 - Amendment to the Civil Code Act

(1) The following offence shall be added to PART VIII: PROPERTY OFFENCES:

14 - Publicly Inaccessible Chestshop

Violation Type: Administrative

Remedy:

(a) Administrative action; 3 Civil Penalty Units per chestshop in violation

A person commits an offence if the person:

(a) has publicly listed a chestshop (as defined in the Criminal Terminology Act); and

(b) that chestshop is inaccessible; and

(c) a violation has been reported; and

(d) they were notified of the violation by the Department of Construction and Transport (DCT) and failed to remedy it within forty-eight (48) hours.

This offense shall not occur in cases where:

(i) conduct violates any offence under PART VII: CORPORATE OFFENCES; or

(ii) inaccessibility is caused by any uncontrollable event including: any server malfunction (bug, plugin error, etc), or any real-life issues (sick, family, internet, etc); or

Relevant Law:

[Link to the Inaccessible Chestshops Act]


5 - Violation Process

(1) Anyone who encounters an inaccessible publicly listed chestshop may:

(a) Report the chestshop via a DCT ticket;

(b) If the DCT finds that the chestshop is publicly listed and inaccessible they must notify the shop owner directly through in-game mail or Discord.

(c) If after 48 hours the shop owner has failed to remedy the violation the Department of Justice must punish the shop owner unless one of the exceptions applies.

(2) Before filing a report, consumers are encouraged to notify the shop owner to ensure the issue can be resolved more diplomatically.

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES​

1. Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the 'Plot Limit Circumvention Prevention Act'.

(2) This Act shall be enacted immediately upon its signage.

(3) This Act has been authored by Rep. ToadKing and PoS EATB.

(4) This Act has been co-sponsored by PoS EATB.

(5) This Act amends the following acts:

(a) Redmont Civil Code Act

2. Reasons and Intent

(1) Players are currently utilising contracts akin to a "Property Trust and Management Agreement" to bypass the statutory plot ownership limits.

(2) Separating legal title from equitable interest allows a single player to effectively control and profit from an unlimited number of properties, exacerbating plot monopolisation and undermining the statutory limit of how many plots a player can hold.

(3) This amendment clarifies that legal arrangements such as contracts cannot be used to circumvent public law.

PART II — AMENDMENTS​

3. Amendments
(1) PART VII of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended by adding the following new violation:

“17. Circumventing Plot Limits Via Proxy
Violation Type: Administrative
Remedy: Up to 100 Civil Penalty Units Per Plot; Eviction of excess plots
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) directly or indirectly controls or benefits from plots held by another person; and
(b) the combined number of plots they own and control exceeds the plot limits established by law; and
(c) the arrangement was made with the intent to circumvent plot ownership limits.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) The arrangement is a bona fide commercial lease or rental agreement at fair market value, with no control retained by the original owner.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act”

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES​

1. Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the 'Redmont Civil Code Cleanup Act'.

(2) This Act shall be enacted immediately upon its signage.

(3) This Act has been authored by Rep. ToadKing.

(4) This Act has been co-sponsored by Rep. IgnitedTnT.

(5) This Act amends the following acts:

(a) Redmont Civil Code Act

2. Reasons and Intent

(1) To fix the formatting and clean up the text of this Act.

PART II — AMENDMENTS​

3. Amendments

(1) Part III, Section 7(3)(a) of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"(3) Ancillary Claims Award:
(a) Legal fees for ancillary claims under Part III shall be assessed separately from the original claim, based on the value of each claim."

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(2) Part IV, Section 7(3) of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"(3) Legal fees for ancillary claims shall be assessed in accordance with Part III of this Code."

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(3) Part V of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"1. Defamation
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: An order for public retraction
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) makes a false statement and/or communication that injures a third party’s reputation;
(b) the statement is made to at least one person other than the plaintiff; and
(c) the statement is presented as fact rather than opinion.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) the statement is substantially true; or
(e) the statement is a genuinely held opinion based on disclosed facts;
(f) the statement was made in the course of legitimate political communication;
(g) the plaintiff consented to the publication.
Relevant Law:

2. Libel
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: An order for public retraction
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) commits defamation as defined in Section 1 of this Part; and
(b) the defamatory statement is expressed by documents, signs, published media, or any communication method embodied in physical form; and
(c) the statement is injurious to a person’s reputation, exposes a person to public hatred, contempt or ridicule, or injures a person in their business, profession or organisation.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) the defences set out in Section 1 of this Part shall apply.
Relevant Law:

3. Slander
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: An order for public retraction
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) commits defamation as defined in Section 1 of this Part; and
(b) the defamatory statement is made verbally, through Discord messages, or in-game messages; and
(c) the statement defames another person’s reputation, business, profession, or organisation.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) the defences set out in Section 1 of this Part shall apply.
Relevant Law:"

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(4) Part VI of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"1. Breach of Contract
Violation Type: Strict Liability
Remedy: No Fixed Remedy
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) fails to perform obligations under a valid and enforceable contract without lawful excuse.
This violation shall not occur where:
(b) the contract is void or voidable; or
(c) performance was rendered impossible by circumstances beyond the party’s control; or
(d) the other party materially breached the contract first; or
(e) the party was induced to enter the contract through misrepresentation or duress.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Contracts Act

2. Misrepresentation
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: Rescission
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) makes a false statement of fact; and
(b) the statement induces another party to enter into a contract; and
(c) the other party suffers loss as a result.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) the statement was genuinely believed to be true at the time it was made, and there were reasonable grounds for that belief; or
(e) the plaintiff did not rely on the statement in entering the contract.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Contracts Act

3. Misleading Conduct in Trade or Commerce
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: Up to 250 Civil Penalty Units; Rescission
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) engages in conduct that is misleading, deceptive, or likely to mislead or deceive another person in connection with the promotion, sale, or supply of goods or services.
This violation shall not occur where:
(b) the conduct constitutes puffery (obvious exaggeration); or
(c) the plaintiff failed to exercise reasonable care in relying on the conduct.
Relevant Law:"

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(5) Part VII of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"3. Trespass
Violation Type: Intentional/Strict Liability
Remedy: An order to prevent further trespass
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) enters or remains on land in the possession of another without consent or legal privilege.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the person had express or implied consent of the occupier; or
(d) the person had lawful authority; or
(e) the entry was necessary to prevent imminent harm to persons or property.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Tenant Rights Act

6. Nuisance
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: Up to 50 Civil Penalty Units; An order to abate the nuisance
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) causes a substantial and unreasonable interference with another’s use and enjoyment of their property; and
(b) the interference would be offensive to a reasonable person in the plaintiff’s position.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the plaintiff consented to the interference; or
(d) the interference results from the ordinary and reasonable use of the defendant’s own property.
Relevant Law:

7. Conversion
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: Treble damages; Restitution
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) wrongfully takes, obtains, or withholds property from an owner; and
(b) intends to deprive the owner of the property or to appropriate it to themselves or a third party; and
(c) the wrongful taking, obtaining, or withholding is committed by:
(i) stealing property with the intent to permanently deprive the owner; or
(ii) obtaining property through deception, lies, or false statements; or
(iii) embezzlement or obtaining property by false pretences; or
(iv) knowingly acquiring lost property without taking reasonable measures to return it to the owner; or
(v) obtaining property by false promise pursuant to a scheme to defraud; or
(vi) extortion.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) the action occurs in the End, Nether wild, or everwild; or
(e) the defendant reasonably believed they had a right to the property.
Relevant Law:

16. Auction Levy Neglect
Violation Type: Administrative
Remedy:
(a) First violation - Up to 20 Penalty Units, or 10% of the winning bid, whichever is higher
(b) Subsequent violations - Up to 50 Penalty Units, or 30% of the winning bid, whichever is higher
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) fails to pay the required auction levy after winning an auction; and
(b) more than a week has passed since consideration for the auction has passed.
Relevant Law:"

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(6) Part VIII of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"1. Unfair Dismissal
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: Reinstatement
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) terminates an employee’s employment; and
(b) the termination is unjust, having regard to:
(i) whether the termination made financial sense for the organisation; and
(ii) whether continued employment would be detrimental to the workflow, reputation, or legal standing; and
(iii) whether the dismissal was based on personally identifiable characteristics, including but not limited to: gender, age, or political affiliation.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the employee was terminated for:
(i) documented misconduct; or
(ii) the employee was terminated due to genuine redundancy.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Commercial Standards Act"

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(7) Part IX of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"1. Breach of Attorney-Client Privilege
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent/Strict Liability
Remedy: Up to 200 Civil Penalty Units
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) discloses attorney-client communications without written permission.
This violation shall not occur where:
(b) the disclosure was required by law or court order; or
(c) the disclosure was necessary to prevent imminent harm to another person.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Modern Legal Reform Act

2. Malpractice
Violation Type: Negligent
Remedy: Up to 100 Civil Penalty Units
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) being a licensed professional, breaches the standard of care expected of a reasonable professional in their field; and
(b) the breach causes harm to a person.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the professional exercised reasonable skill and care; or
(d) the harm was not foreseeable.
Relevant Law:"

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(8) Part X of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"1. Unjust Enrichment
Violation Type: Strict Liability
Remedy: Restitution
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) obtains and retains a benefit at another’s expense; and
(b) there is no legal justification for retaining the benefit.
Relevant Law:

2. Tortious Interference with Contract
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: No Fixed Remedy
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) either
(i) knowingly induces another party to breach their contract with the plaintiff; or
(ii) intentionally interferes with the plaintiff’s existing contractual relationship; and
(b) the interference causes economic harm to the plaintiff.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the interference was through legitimate competition; or
(d) the interference was caused without knowledge of a contract between the parties; or
(e) the defendant was exercising a legal right.
Relevant Law:

3. Tortious Interference with Business Relations
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: No Fixed Remedy
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) intentionally interferes with the plaintiff’s prospective business dealings or economic relationships; and
(b) the interference is accomplished through improper means or for improper purposes; and
(c) the interference causes economic harm to the plaintiff.
This violation shall not occur where:
(e) the interference was through legitimate competition; or
(f) the defendant was exercising a legal right.
Relevant Law:

4. Knowing Receipt
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: Restitution
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) receives assets that have been disposed of by another in breach of trust or fiduciary duty; and
(b) knew, or ought reasonably to have known, that the assets were received in breach of trust or fiduciary duty.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the defendant is a bona fide purchaser for value without notice of any other party’s claim to the property; or
(d) the defendant received the assets in good faith and without knowledge of the breach.
Relevant Law:

5. Breach of Copyright
Violation Type: Intentional/Strict Liability
Remedy: No Fixed Remedy
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) copies, distributes, rents, lends, publicly performs, displays, adapts, publishes, or reproduces a copyrighted work; and
(b) does so without the consent of the copyright holder.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the use constitutes fair use, having regard to:
(i) the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
(ii) the nature of the copyrighted work;
(iii) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
(iv) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work;
(d) the work is an Act of Congress;
(e) the work is situated, otherwise than temporarily, in a public place or premises open to the public, and the inclusion is in an artistic work (freedom of panorama);
(f) the use is for purposes of criticism, commentary, news reporting, or teaching.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Intellectual Property Act

6. Breach of Trademark
Violation Type: Intentional/Strict Liability
Remedy: No Fixed Remedy
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) produces, replicates, or impersonates recognisable signs, designs, or expressions that identify a company, product, or service; and
(b) does so without the consent of the trademark holder.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the use constitutes fair use for purposes of criticism, commentary, news reporting, or teaching, having regard to the facts set out in Section 6(c) of this Part;
(d) the defendant had reasonable grounds to believe they had authorisation to use the trademark.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Intellectual Property Act

7. Breach of Legal Entity Act
Violation Type: Administrative
Remedy: Up to 250 Civil Penalty Units; Compliance order; Company dissolution
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) fails to comply with any part of the Legal Entity Act after receiving a warning from the DOC 24 hours before the person was assessed this administrative violation.
This violation shall not occur where:
(b) the person is taking reasonable steps to remedy their compliance.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Legal Entity Act"

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(9) Part XI of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"4. Wrongful Seizure of Property
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: Restitution
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) being a government officer, seizes property without lawful authority; or
(b) being a government officer, retains property beyond a period authorised by law.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the seizure was conducted pursuant to a valid court order or lawful statutory power.
Relevant Law:

5. Wrongful Arrest or Detention
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: Expungement
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) being a law enforcement officer, arrests or detains the plaintiff without lawful authority; or
(b) being a government officer, detains the plaintiff beyond a period authorised by law.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the officer had reasonable grounds to believe the arrest or detention was lawful.
Relevant Law:

6. Denial of Due Process
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: An order to provide proper process; Reversal of decision
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) being a government officer or body, makes a decision affecting the plaintiff’s rights or interests; and
(b) fails to provide the plaintiff with notice and an opportunity to be heard; or
(c) fails to follow procedures required by law.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) there is no statutory requirement to provide notice or an opportunity to be heard for the decision affecting the plaintiff.
Relevant Law:

7. Failure to Perform Statutory Duty
Violation Type: Negligent
Remedy: Writ of Mandamus
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) being a government officer or body, fails to perform a duty required by law; and
(b) the failure causes harm to the plaintiff.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the failure was due to circumstances beyond the defendant’s control.
Relevant Law:"

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(10) Part XII of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

"1. Breach of Confidentiality Agreement
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent/Strict Liability
Remedy: An order preventing further disclosure
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) discloses confidential information in breach of a lawful confidentiality agreement.
Relevant Law:

2. Abuse of Legal Process
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: Up to 100 Civil Penalty Units
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) initiates or pursues a legal claim in bad faith, for improper purposes, or without reasonable basis; and
(b) the claim causes harm to the defendant.
Relevant Law:

3. Negligence (General)
Violation Type: Negligent
Remedy: No Fixed Remedy
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) owes a duty of care to the plaintiff; and
(b) breaches that duty through careless action or omission; and
(c) the breach causes harm to the plaintiff; and
(d) the harm was a foreseeable consequence of the breach.
Relevant Law:

4. Breach of Privacy
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: An order to prevent further disclosure; An order to destroy the information
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) knowingly or recklessly discloses private information of another individual or entity to the public domain, or to unauthorised third parties without lawful authority or consent; or
(b) uses private information obtained in confidence for an unauthorised purpose that causes or is likely to cause harm to the individual or entity to whom the information relates.
This violation shall not occur where:
(c) the disclosure is required or permitted by law or court order; or
(d) the disclosure is made as part of official Congressional or Court proceedings; or
(e) the subject has provided explicit consent to the disclosure; or
(f) the information is already in the public domain through lawful means; or
(g) the information is general in nature and does not identify or could not reasonably identify any individual or entity.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Privacy Act

5. Malicious Allegation
Violation Type: Intentional
Remedy: An order for public retraction
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) makes a false allegation that another person committed a crime or civil violation; and
(b) knew or could reasonably infer that the allegation was false; and
(c) the allegation causes harm to the accused person’s reputation, livelihood, or wellbeing.
This violation shall not occur where:
(d) the allegation was substantially true; or
(e) the person had reasonable grounds to believe the allegation was true; or
(f) the allegation was made in good faith to the appropriate authorities for investigation.
Relevant Law:

7. Academic Misconduct
Violation Type: Administrative
Remedy:
(a) First violation - Up to 1 Civil Penalty Units;
(a) Subsequent violation - Up to 5 Civil Penalty Units
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) solicits answers to DOE-administered exam questions.
This violation shall not occur where:
(b) the person has already been found liable for Breach of Academic Integrity for the same conduct.
Relevant Law:"

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES​

1. Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the 'Redmont Bar Association Act' or 'RBA Act.'

(2) This Act shall be enacted immediately upon its signage.

(3) This Act has been authored by Rep. ToadKing, DSoH Aladeen22, and AG Superwoops.

(4) This Act has been co-sponsored by DSoH Aladeen.

(5) The following Acts are hereby repealed:

(a) Modern Legal Reform Act.

(6) This Act amends the following acts:

(a) Redmont Civil Code Act

(7) This Act supersedes Executive Order 37/25, and any executive order purporting to regulate the legal field.


2. Reasons and Intent

(1) Establishing a professional association for lawyers encourages cooperation, professional development, and the progress of legal standards.

(2) The current “BAR”, established under Executive Order 37/25, is ill-equipped to facilitate the duties for which it was created.

(3) A statutorily defined Association with the backing of Congress and the Executive shall ensure the Legal Field finally obtains the much-needed support that it requires.

(4) The Redmont Bar Association shall remain institutionally independent from political direction or interference by any branch of government, and shall operate as an association of the lawyers, by the lawyers, for the lawyers.

3. Definitions

(1) For the purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) Active Membership. Means all members of the RBA who are currently in good standing.

(b) Disbarment. Means the revocation of one’s licence to practice law. A person who is disbarred shall lose the power to advise clients, represent a party in court, and file cases on a client’s behalf.

(c) Good Standing. Means the status of a member of the RBA who has not:
(i) Been disbarred under this Act; or
(ii) Accumulated two or more active conduct strikes under the Judicial Standards Act.

(d) Law Firm. Means any legal practice entity consisting of one or more licensed legal practitioners that:
(i) Provides legal services to clients;
(ii) May operate as any kind of business as defined by law; and
(iii) Maintains a business registration with the Department of Commerce.

(e) Specialisation. Means a certification granted upon successful completion of a specialisation exam, permitting a legal practitioner to provide legal representation, advocacy, and advisory services within the designated field of that specialisation before the Federal Court of Redmont.
(i) A Barrister may hold as many specialisations as they pass exams for.
(ii) When a Barrister practices law in the Federal Court, they will be able to work outside their specialisation if the main legal claim of the case they are arguing is within their specialisation.
(iii) If an area of law does not have a specialisation exam, then any Barrister with any specialisation may practice in that area of law in the Federal court.

PART II — ESTABLISHMENT​

1. Establishment of the Redmont Bar Association

(1) An independent government entity known as the Redmont Bar Association (RBA) is hereby established.

(2) The RBA shall operate as a professional association representing members of the legal profession.

(3) The RBA shall be the exclusive body regulating the legal field in Redmont, and shall encompass all individuals who are licensed to represent other individuals before the Courts of Redmont.

(4) The RBA shall be institutionally independent from the Executive, Legislative and Judicial branches of government. No branch shall direct, interfere with, or seek to unduly influence the operations of the RBA.

2. Forum Area

(1) The RBA shall maintain a dedicated area on the DemocracyCraft forums for the purposes of transparency and public record.

(2) The following shall be made available on the forum:
(a) RBA policies, rules, and guidelines enacted by the Council;
(b) Motions put before the Council, including their outcome and the votes of each Councillor; and
(c) All disciplinary investigation findings under Part V.

(3) The Chairperson shall be responsible for ensuring the forum is maintained and kept up to date.

3. Funding

(1) The RBA shall be entitled to appropriations from the Commonwealth of Redmont.

(2) The Chairperson shall be responsible for managing the RBA's funds and reporting all spending in the #budget channel.

(3) RBA funds may only be spent for the purposes of:
(a) Funding resources and programs for the professional development of members; and
(b) Any other purpose directly related to the functions of the RBA under this Act.

(4) No Councillor may authorise the payment of RBA funds to themselves or to another Councillor as personal compensation.
(a) Any Councillor who authorises such a payment shall be subject to disciplinary proceedings under Part V.

4. Headquarters

(1) The official headquarters of the RBA shall be the Rba-interior.

(2) The headquarters shall be managed and maintained by the Chairperson on behalf of the RBA.

(3) The building shall be made available for the exclusive use of the RBA for the purposes of carrying out its functions under this Act.

(4) Any structural changes to the building must be:
(a) Approved by the Chairperson; and
(b) Funded from the RBA's appropriations, where the changes are for the benefit of the RBA.

PART III — MEMBERSHIP​

1. Membership

(1) Membership of the RBA is automatic and mandatory for all persons who hold a valid legal qualification under this Act.

(2) Membership shall commence upon the passing of any legal examination defined under Part VI of this Act.

(3) Membership is not voluntary and may not be voluntarily revoked by the member.

(4) Membership rights shall be revoked only through the disciplinary procedures set out in Part V of this Act.

2. Good Standing

(1) Every member of the RBA shall take reasonable steps to maintain their good standing, and shall conduct themselves in a manner befitting a member of the legal profession at all times.

(2) All members of the RBA shall be considered in good standing upon admission. A member shall lose good standing automatically where:
(a) They are disbarred under Part V of this Act; or
(b) They accumulate two or more active conduct strikes.

(3) The loss of good standing shall not affect a member's right to practice law. The right to practice law may only be removed through:
(a) Disbarment under Part V of this Act; or
(b) The accumulation of three active conduct strikes.

(4) Good standing shall be restored automatically where:
(a) The period of disbarment imposed under Part V of this Act expires; or
(b) The member's active conduct strikes fall below two.

PART IV — RBA COUNCIL​

1. Composition

(1) The governing body of the RBA shall be a Council of five individuals, each of equal standing when assembled for matters of business.

(2) The Council shall elect from among its members a Chairperson, who shall:
(a) Act as first among equals and spokesperson for the RBA;
(b) Represent the RBA in public communications;
(c) Cast the deciding vote in the event of a tied Council vote; and
(d) Hold no additional powers beyond those held by other Councillors, as stated in Section 2.

(3) The Chairperson may be removed from the role of Chairperson, without losing their Council seat, by a unanimous vote of the remaining Councillors.

(4) All five Councillors shall be elected by the general membership of the RBA.

(5) No member of the Council may simultaneously hold:
(a) The position of President, Vice President, or Department Secretary;
(b) A seat in Congress; or
(c) A Judicial Officer appointment.

(6) A Councillor who takes up any of the above positions shall vacate their seat on the Council immediately.

(7) Only members of the RBA in good standing may run for and hold a position on the Council.

2. Powers and Duties of the Council

(1) The Council shall have all decision-making power within the RBA, outside of that explicitly reserved for the membership body by this Act.

(2) All decisions of the Council shall be passed by a simple majority of all sitting Councillors.

(3) Quorum. A minimum of three Councillors must be present and voting for any decision of the Council to be valid.
(a) Where a quorum cannot be met, the matter shall be deferred until a quorum is available.
(b) Where a Councillor is recused from a particular matter under subsection (6), they shall not count towards quorum for that matter.

(4) The Council shall be tasked with the following duties:
(a) Advising the Government on matters pertaining to the legal profession, including:
(i) The rights and working conditions of lawyers;
(ii) Proposed changes to laws and regulations affecting legal practice;
(iii) The adequacy of legal education and examination standards; and
(iv) Any other matter the Council considers relevant to the health and integrity of the legal profession.
(b) Providing resources to further the careers and professional development of lawyers;
(c) Ensuring the quality and ethical conduct of lawyers through the disciplinary procedures set out in Part V;
(d) Overseeing the Legal Examinations content;
(e) Creating, amending, and repealing RBA policy through motions.

(5) The Council shall have the power to:
(a) Create, amend, and repeal rules and guidelines on legal ethics, professionalism, and conduct;
(b) Investigate members of the RBA for breaches of ethical, professional, or legal standards.
(c) Impose sanctions on members of the RBA in accordance with Part V;
(d) Set the internal procedures of the RBA;
(e) Exercise all other powers necessary or incidental to the proper functioning of the RBA.

(6) In the event a Councillor has a private interest that may interfere with any particular duty, that Councillor may be recused from that particular duty:
(a) Voluntarily, by the Councillor themselves; or
(b) By a unanimous vote of the remaining Councillors and the Chairperson, excluding the Councillor in question.

(7) All decisions of the Council, including rules, disciplinary outcomes, and election results, shall be published publicly without undue delay.

(8) Councillors shall, in the exercise of their duties, endeavour to:
(a) Act in the interests of the RBA, the legal profession, and all citizens who rely on the legal field as a whole, rather than in the interests of any political party, faction, or individual;
(b) Minimise political conduct and campaigning in the exercise of their duties as Councillors; and
(c) Approach matters before the Council with impartiality and objectivity.

(9) Nothing in subsection (8) shall be construed as limiting the constitutional rights of Councillors, including the freedom of political communication. Subsection (8) sets out a professional standard of conduct expected of Councillors, and not a legally enforceable restriction on their constitutional rights.

3. Elections

(1) The Department of State shall manage all RBA Council elections in a fair and impartial manner, acting solely as the neutral returning officer.

(2) Eligibility.
(a) Only members of the RBA in good standing may vote in RBA elections. Not compatible with plugin.
(b) All eligible members shall be given an equal vote.
(c) No member of the RBA, including members of the Judicial Branch, may be barred from voting in an RBA election.

(3) Voting System. RBA Council elections shall be conducted using the Single Transferable Vote (STV) system as defined in the Electoral Act.

(4) Election Timeline. Council elections shall be held in January, May, and September of each year, and shall follow the following timeline:
(a) Declaration Period. A 48-hour period during which candidates may declare their intention to stand, commencing on the first day of the election month.
(b) Voting Period. A 48-hour period immediately following the close of declarations during which members may cast their votes.
(c) Announcement Period. Results shall be released at the earliest opportunity following the close of the voting period.
(d) The incoming Council shall take their seats immediately upon the announcement of results, at which point the outgoing Council's term shall end.

(6) Inaugural Election. The inaugural Council election shall be held within fourteen days of the enactment of this Act, administered by the Department of State, notwithstanding the election schedule set out in subsection (4).

(7) Subsequent Elections. Subsequent elections shall be called by the sitting Council no later than seven days before the expiry of their term, and administered by the Department of State.

(8) Chairperson Election. Following the conclusion of each Council election, the newly elected Councillors shall elect a Chairperson from among themselves by simple majority vote within 48 hours of the Council being constituted.
(a) Where no candidate secures a simple majority in the first round, the candidate with the fewest votes shall be eliminated and a further vote held, repeating until a candidate secures a simple majority.
(b) Where a tie cannot be resolved by further voting, the Councillor who received the highest number of votes in the Council election from which they were just elected shall be appointed Chairperson.
(c) The Council may, by unanimous vote, adopt alternative procedures for the election of the Chairperson, provided that:
(i) The procedure is published in the RBA forum before it takes effect; and
(ii) The procedure ensures the Chairperson is elected by the Council, from among its five respective members.

4. Special Elections

(1) Where a vacancy arises on the Council mid-term:
(a) A special election shall be held within 48 hours of the vacancy becoming available through resignation or removal;
(b) The special election shall follow a 48-hour declaration period followed by a 48-hour voting period; and
(c) The winner shall serve only the remainder of the term of the Councillor they replace.

5. Removal of Councillors

(1) A Councillor may be removed by:
(a) A unanimous vote of the remaining Councillors, where the Councillor has been found to have engaged in conduct warranting sanction under Part V of this Act; or
(b) A supermajority vote of two-thirds of the active membership of the RBA as a whole, called by a petition signed by at least 25% of the total voters in the prior Council election.

(2) A Councillor removed under subsection (1)(a) may not stand for election to the Council for a period of one Council term following their removal.

(3) A Councillor removed under subsection (1)(b) shall not be subject to any restriction on standing for future Council elections by reason of their removal alone.

PART V — DISCIPLINE​

1. Disciplinary Powers

(1) The Council of the RBA may investigate any member of the RBA for conduct that:
(a) Breaches the ethical, professional, or legal standards of the RBA; or
(b) Brings the legal profession into disrepute; or
(c) Constitutes a legal offence under any other law.

(2) Investigations shall be:
(a) Conducted in a fair and impartial manner;
(b) Fact-finding in nature, limited to gathering and assessing evidence related to the alleged conduct; and
(c) Concluded with a written summary of findings, including all evidence gathered, which shall be provided to the subject of the investigation and may be published publicly.

(3) Following an investigation, the Council may impose any of the following sanctions by majority vote:
(a) A private warning; or
(b) A public censure or reprimand.

(4) No sanction under subsection (3) may be imposed without:
(a) Written notice to the member of the alleged conduct and the evidence supporting it;
(b) A reasonable opportunity for the member to respond to the evidence; and
(c) A majority vote of the Council in favour of the sanction.

2. Disbarment

(1) Disbarment is the most serious sanction available to the RBA and may only be imposed by order of the Federal Court.

(2) Where the Council determines, following an investigation, that disbarment may be warranted, the Council shall initiate civil proceedings by filing a case before the Federal Court against the member for Violation of RBA Standards.

(3) The filing must clearly set out:
(a) The evidence gathered during the investigation;
(b) The specific provisions of the RBA’s ethics rules, guidelines, or this Act that are alleged to have been breached; and
(c) The period of disbarment sought by the Council.

(4) The proceedings shall be conducted as a civil trial, in which:
(a) The RBA shall bear the burden of proving the alleged conduct on the balance of probabilities; and
(b) The Defendant shall have a full and fair opportunity to respond to the evidence and make submissions.

(5) The maximum period of disbarment that may be imposed is two months.
(a) Multiple offences or breaches alleged in the same or separate proceedings may not be aggregated to exceed this maximum.

(6) A member who has been disbarred may appeal the Federal Court’s decision to the Supreme Court.

PART VI — LEGAL RANKS AND PRACTICE RIGHTS​

1. Legal Ranks

(1) The legal profession shall be organised into three ranks;
(a) Solicitor;
(b) Barrister; and
(c) Attorney.

2. Solicitor

(1) The Solicitor rank shall:
(a) Be the entry-level legal qualification;
(b) Grant the holder the privilege to practice law in District Courts; and
(c) Permit the holder to:
(i) Represent clients in any kind of District Court proceedings;
(ii) File any kind of cases on behalf of clients in the District Court;
(iii) Provide legal advice within District Court jurisdiction;
(iv) Officiate marriage and divorce proceedings.

3. Barrister

(1) The Barrister rank shall:
(a) Be awarded upon passing any one specialisation examination, where a barrister may collect as many specialisations as they are qualified for to gain the perks of said specialisation;
(b) Include all powers and privileges granted to Solicitors;
(c) Grant additional privileges to practice in Federal Courts within their specialisation(s); and
(d) Permit the holder to:
(i) Represent clients in Federal Court proceedings within their specialisation(s).
(ii) File cases in the Federal Court within their specialisation(s).
(iii) Provide legal advice for matters within Federal Court jurisdiction.

4. Attorney

(1) The Attorney rank shall:
(a) Include all powers and privileges granted to Solicitors and Barristers;
(b) Require completion of all current specialisation exams;
(i) Lawyers who achieve the Attorney rank will not have to take any novel specialisation exam if a new test is added after they attain the Attorney rank.
(c) Grant the privilege to practice in all courts without any restrictions or exceptions, including the Supreme Court, unless so ordered by the RBA; and
(d) Permit the holder to:
(i) Represent clients in any court of the Commonwealth;
(ii) File cases in any court of the Commonwealth;
(iii) Provide legal advice for all matters within the Commonwealth's jurisdiction;

PART VII — EXAMINATIONS​

1. Department of Education Powers

(1) With regard to all legal examinations, the Department of Education shall have the authority to:
(a) Develop, maintain, and update all legal examinations;
(b) Establish examination procedures and requirements;
(c) Set reasonable passing criteria for each rank; and
(d) With at least 14 days notice:
(i) Implement changes to the examination system; and
(ii) Create or remove specialisations within the Barrister rank.

(2) The Department of Education must:
(a) Consult with the Council of the RBA before implementing changes to the legal exams;
(b) Provide public notice of any changes to exams or examination requirements;
(c) Ensure examination standards remain consistent with legal practice needs; and
(d) Maintain records of all qualified legal practitioners.

2. Examination Administration

(1) All legal examinations shall be conducted through the Minecraft Exam-sign system, unless otherwise specified or directed by the Department of Education.

(2) The Department of Education shall:
(a) Ensure examination security;
(b) Maintain examination records;
(c) Issue appropriate rank designations upon successful completion; and
(d) Provide reasonable accommodations for technical issues.

PART VIII — SUPERVISED PRACTICE AND GOVERNMENT LEGAL WORK​

1. Supervised Practice

(1) A licensed legal practitioner of any rank may practice in any court when:
(a) They are employed by or contracted to a law firm;
(b) They are under the direct supervision of an Attorney-ranked practitioner; and
(c) The supervising Attorney assumes responsibility for their work.

(2) A licensed legal practitioner of any rank may give legal advice without restriction, and is immune from Legal Qualification Fraud or Legal Malpractice when:
(a) They are employed by or contracted to a law firm;
(b) They are under the direct supervision of an Attorney-ranked practitioner; and
(c) The supervising Attorney assumes responsibility for their work.

(3) The supervising Attorney must:
(i) Review and approve all court filings;
(ii) Be present for in-game court appearances and oversee forum posts; and
(iii) Maintain ultimate responsibility for the case.

2. Government Legal Practice

(1) Licensed legal practitioners employed by the Department of Justice may practice in any court when they are:
(a) Acting in their official capacity;
(b) Appointed to the case; and
(c) Supervised by a Department superior who possesses the Attorney rank.

(2) Licensed legal practitioners serving as Public Defenders may practice in any court when they are:
(a) Acting in their official capacity;
(b) Appointed to the case; and
(c) Overseen by a Department superior who possesses the Attorney rank.

PART IX — LEGAL STANDARDS​

1. Attorney-Client Privilege

(1) Attorney-Client Privilege shall exist as soon as a client or potential client engages in a formal discussion with a lawyer or law firm regarding a case, potential case, or other legal matter.

(2) The lawyer or law firm shall not be permitted to disclose the contents of the discussion except with the voluntary and written permission of the client.

(3) Lawyers and law firms shall not be held liable for conspiracy or acting as an accessory to a crime when it is in connection with matters protected by Attorney-Client Privilege.

2. Conflict of Interest

(1) A conflict of interest arises when an individual or entity is engaged in multiple interests, whether financial or otherwise, and fulfilling one interest could potentially compromise their ability to fulfil another.

(2) In the legal context, a conflict of interest is defined as the situation where the same legal counsel represents both the defence and the plaintiff simultaneously in the same case.

(3) Discovery of a conflict of interest provides valid grounds for a person to appeal the court's decision in the case.

3. Abuse of Legal Process

(1) A member of the RBA shall not initiate or pursue a legal claim in bad faith, for improper purposes, or without a reasonable basis.

(2) A finding of Abuse of Legal Process by a court shall constitute grounds for the Council to open a disciplinary investigation.

PART X — TRANSITION​

1. Transition

(1) All existing legal qualifications held under the Modern Legal Reform Act shall be recognised and carry over under this Act without the need for re-examination.

(2) The inaugural Council election shall be held within 14 days of the enactment of this Act in accordance with Part IV of this Act.
(a) Until the inaugural Council is constituted, the RBA shall have no disciplinary powers, and no person may be disbarred under this Act.

2. Amendments to the RCCA

(1) Part IX of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended by adding the following new section:

"3. Violation of RBA Standards
Violation Type: Intentional/Negligent
Remedy: Up to 2 months disbarment
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) being a member of the Redmont Bar Association; and
(b) is subject to proceedings initiated by the RBA under this section; and
(c) breaches the ethical, professional, or legal standards of the RBA; and
(d) the breach is of sufficient severity to warrant disbarment having regard to:
(i) the nature and seriousness of the conduct;
(ii) the harm caused to any affected party; and
(iii) the importance of maintaining the reputation of the legal profession.
This violation shall not occur where:
(e) the conduct has already been the subject of a disbarment order under this section.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Redmont Bar Association Act"

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES

1 - Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the ‘DHS Enforcement of Inaccessible Chestshops Act.’

(2) This Act shall be enacted immediately upon its signage.

(3) This Act has been authored by Construction Secretary winterwolf, Homeland Secretary Goldendude, Representative Raz0Baz0, and Attorney General Superwoops

(4) This Act has been co-sponsored by Representative Incarnation__

(5) This Act amends the following Acts:

(a) Civil Code Act

2 - Reasons and Intent

(1) The DHS has better processes to facilitate this.

PART II — AMENDMENTS, VIOLATION PROCESS, AND IMPLEMENTATION

4 - Amendment to the Civil Code Act

(1) Part VII §14 of the Civil Code Act is to be amended as follows:

14. Publicly Inaccessible Chestshop
Violation Type: Administrative
Remedy: Administrative action; 3 Civil Penalty Units per chestshop in violation
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) has publicly listed a chestshop (as defined in the Criminal Terminology Act); and
(b) that chestshop is inaccessible; and
(c) a violation has been reported; and
(d) they were notified of the violation by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Department of Construction and Transport (DCT) and failed to remedy it within forty-eight (48) hours.
This offense shall not occur in cases where:
(i) conduct violates any offence under PART VII: CORPORATE OFFENCES; or
(ii) inaccessibility is caused by any uncontrollable event including: any server malfunction (bug, plugin error, etc), or any real-life issues (sick, family, internet, etc); or
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Inaccessible Chestshops Act


5 - Violation Process

(1) Anyone who encounters an inaccessible publicly listed chestshop may:

(a) Report the chestshop via a DHS ticket;

(b) If the DHS finds that the chestshop is publicly listed and inaccessible they must notify the shop owner directly through in-game mail or Discord.

(c) If after 48 hours the shop owner has failed to remedy the violation the DHS must punish the shop owner unless one of the exceptions applies.

(2) Before filing a report, consumers are encouraged to notify the shop owner to ensure the issue can be resolved more diplomatically.

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES

1. Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the ‘Realtor Excess Plot Compliance Act’

(2) This Act shall be enacted immediately upon its signage.

(3) This Act has been authored by Rep. antonfr_.

(4) This Act has been co-sponsored by Rep. RaiTheGuy07.

(5) This Act amends the following acts:

(a) Redmont Civil Code Act

2. Reasons and Intent

(1) Section 16(9) of the Property Standards Act allows realtors to exceed the standard plot limits by up to 5 plots provided these plots are for the purpose of resale within 30 days of purchase. However, currently nothing enforces compliance and realtors face no punishment for failing to comply with the 30 day limit.

(2) This bill amends the Redmont Civil Code Act to permit the eviction of plots that exceed plot limitations without a valid Realtor exemption.

3. Definitions

(1) For the purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) Realtor.
A person who has the Realtor profession.

(b) Excess Plot.
Any plot held by a Realtor beyond the standard plot limitations that is covered only by the Realtor exemption under Section 16(9) of the Property Standards Act, and not by any other lawful entitlement.

PART II — AMENDMENTS

4. Amendments to Part VII, Section 8

(1) Part VII, Section 8 of the Redmont Civil Code Act shall be amended as follows:

8. Plot Limitations
Violation Type: Administrative
Remedy: Eviction; Administrative action
A person commits a violation if the person:
(a) owns more properties than allowed under plot limitations, without a valid Realtor exemption; and
(b) fails to divest themselves of excess plots within 7 days of exceeding the limitation. of:
(i) exceeding the applicable plot limitation; or
(ii) losing eligibility for a Realtor exemption, including by failing to resell excess plots within the time limit required by the law.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Property Standards Act

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PART I — PRELIMINARIES

1. Short Title and Enactment

(1) This Act may be cited as the 'Bankruptcy Act'.

(2) This Act shall be enacted 7 days after its signage, to allow the Department of Commerce and the Judiciary reasonable time to prepare for its enforcement.

(3) This Act has been authored by Speaker of the house of representatives xXTheoryXx.

(4) This Act has been co-sponsored by President of the Senate Talion77, Senator Incarnation__, Representative MJL_.

(5) This Act amends or repeals the following:

(a) Repeals the Bankruptcy Band-Aid Act.

(b) Amends the Criminal Code Act.

(c) Amends the Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act.

(d) Amends the Redmont Civil Code Act.

(e) Amends the Taxation Act.

(f) Coordinates with the Legal Entity Act, the Contracts Act, the Commercial Standards Act, the Property Lien Act, the Property Standards Act, the Seizure and Insurance Adjustment Act, and the Federal Reserve Act.

2. Reasons and Intent

(1) The Bankruptcy Band-Aid Act is, by its own terms, a temporary measure. The Commonwealth requires a permanent, principled bankruptcy framework.

(2) The current "three instances" structure is procedurally confusing and lacks clear separation between personal and business insolvency.

(3) The existing framework provides no genuine fresh start. Without a discharge mechanism, debtors who genuinely cannot pay remain trapped indefinitely, depressing economic activity and player retention.

(4) Workers must be afforded priority in business insolvency. Unpaid wages should rank above general unsecured creditors.

(5) Creditors must be protected from asset hiding through preference clawback rules.

(6) The bankruptcy of financial institutions must be coordinated with the existing powers of the Department of Commerce and the Federal Reserve Bank, not duplicate them.

(7) A clear bankruptcy framework reduces frivolous litigation, gives courts a structured procedure, and provides legal certainty to creditors and debtors alike.

3. Definitions

(1) For the purposes of this Act, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) Debtor. A person, whether an individual or an Incorporated Entity (as defined in the Legal Entity Act), that owes a debt to another and against whom a bankruptcy proceeding has been commenced under this Act.

(b) Creditor. A person to whom a debt is owed by the debtor.

(c) Petitioner. The person who files the bankruptcy petition. May be the debtor or a qualifying creditor.

(d) Insolvency. The state in which a debtor:

(i) is unable to pay debts as they fall due in the ordinary course; or

(ii) holds liabilities exceeding the Fair Market Value of their assets by more than 25%.

(e) Estate. All legal or equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the bankruptcy case, including tangible and intangible assets, less property declared exempt under Part II. The Estate includes, without limitation:

(i) The debtor's in-game personal balance and any other cash holdings;

(ii) Deposits held by the debtor at any Financial Institution, regardless of the institution's solvency, subject to applicable deposit guarantees;

(iii) All plots owned by the debtor, whether residential, commercial, industrial, town, or otherwise;

(iv) The contents of the debtor's main inventory, ender chest, donator chest, and any locked containers under the debtor's control;

(v) Stocks, bonds, ETF holdings, and other securities owned by the debtor;

(vi) Items held in chestshops or chestshop-backing containers owned by the debtor. Cash proceeds from such chestshops do not accumulate in the chestshop itself and are instead captured under Subsection (i) (personal balance) or, where the chestshop is operated by an Incorporated Entity, under the entity's business balance;

(vii) Receivables and contractual rights of the debtor, including loans the debtor has made to others and outstanding chestshop receipts;

(viii) Causes of action belonging to the debtor, including those that may be pursued by the Trustee under Section 10; and

(ix) Any other property in which the debtor has a legal or equitable interest.

Where property is co-owned by the debtor and one or more non-debtors, only the debtor's proportional interest forms part of the Estate, as provided in Section 11.

(f) Trustee. An officer appointed by the court to administer the debtor's estate under this Act.

(g) Secured Claim. A claim backed by collateral, where the creditor has the right to enforce against that collateral.

(h) Unsecured Claim. A claim not backed by collateral.

(i) Priority Claim. An unsecured claim that is entitled to be paid ahead of other unsecured claims under Part VI.

(j) Discharge. The release of the debtor from personal liability for specified debts.

(k) Liquidation. The sale or conversion of estate property to cash for distribution to creditors.

(l) Repayment Plan. A court-approved plan under which an individual debtor pays creditors over a fixed term in exchange for a discharge of remaining debts.

(m) Reorganization Plan. A court-approved plan under which a business debtor restructures debts and continues operating.

(n) Automatic Stay. The legally mandated pause on collection activity that takes effect upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition under Section 5.

(o) Insider. A director, officer, manager, member, shareholder holding more than 10% of voting power, a spouse, or a business entity controlled by any of the foregoing. Includes the term as used in the Legal Entity Act and the Conflict of Interest Standards Act.

(p) Preference Period. The window of time prior to filing during which transfers may be clawed back under Part VII.

(q) Financial Institution. As defined in the Commercial Standards Act.

(r) Fair Market Value. The price at which an asset would change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller, neither under compulsion to buy or sell, and both with reasonable knowledge of relevant facts, determined by reference to:

(i) Recent chestshop prices, where the asset is a fungible item;

(ii) Recent auction or transfer prices, where the asset is a plot or unique item;

(iii) The most recent stock exchange price, where the asset is a listed security;

(iv) Recorded sale data published by the Department of Commerce; or

(v) Where no reliable comparable exists, the valuation of a licensed Accountant acting at arm's length, who may be examined by the court and any party in interest.

(s) Worker. An individual entitled to compensation for personal labor or services performed for the debtor. The term includes:

(i) Employees under regular employment agreements, whether salaried, hourly, or commissioned;

(ii) Independent contractors providing personal services in an individual capacity;

(iii) Casual or temporary laborers; and

(iv) Other natural persons providing services for compensation.

The term does NOT include:

(v) Outside professional service firms or other Incorporated Entities acting in an entity capacity;

(vi) Owners, shareholders, or members claiming for distributions or returns on capital; or

(vii) Insiders of the debtor claiming compensation for directorial, executive, ownership, or managerial functions.

For the avoidance of doubt, where an insider has personally performed labor in a non-insider capacity, that insider may claim as a Worker, but only to the extent the compensation reflects Fair Market Value for the actual labor performed.

(t) Threshold of Unsecured Claims. Where this Act refers to a threshold of unsecured claims (such as one-third, majority, or two-thirds), the threshold shall be measured by dollar value of allowed claims, unless expressly stated otherwise.

PART II — GENERAL PROVISIONS

4. Jurisdiction

(1) The Federal Court of Redmont shall have exclusive jurisdiction over all bankruptcy cases filed under this Act.

(2) The court may delegate administrative functions to the Department of Commerce or to a court-appointed Trustee as provided in this Act.

(3) Cases involving Financial Institutions shall additionally engage the Department of Commerce under Part VIII.

5. The Automatic Stay

(1) Upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition, an automatic stay takes immediate effect on all of the following:

(a) Commencement or continuation of any lawsuit against the debtor for collection of a pre-petition debt;

(b) Enforcement of any judgment against the debtor or property of the estate;

(c) Any act to obtain possession of, or exercise control over, property of the estate;

(d) Asset seizure procedures under the Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act;

(e) Any act to create, perfect, or enforce a lien against property of the estate; and

(f) Direct collection efforts, including in-game and out-of-game demands for payment.

(2) The automatic stay shall not affect:

(a) Criminal proceedings against the debtor;

(b) Family or adoption proceedings;

(c) Government regulatory or licensing actions; and

(d) Setoffs of mutual pre-petition debts where authorized by court order.

(3) A creditor may petition the court for relief from the automatic stay for cause, including lack of adequate protection of their secured interest.

(4) Creditors who violate the automatic stay shall be liable for damages caused thereby.

6. The Trustee

(1) Upon acceptance of a bankruptcy petition by the court under Section 7, the court shall appoint a Trustee to administer the estate. The Trustee shall be:

(a) A licensed Accountant in good standing; or

(b) Where no Accountant is reasonably available, a designated officer of the Department of Commerce.

(2) The Trustee shall:

(a) Collect and reduce to cash the property of the estate;

(b) Investigate the financial affairs of the debtor;

(c) Examine proofs of claim and object to improper claims;

(d) Furnish information concerning the estate to parties in interest;

(e) Make distributions to creditors in accordance with Part VI;

(f) File a final accounting upon closing the case; and

(g) Report any suspected criminal conduct to the Department of Justice.

(3) The Trustee may, with court approval:

(a) Operate the debtor's business as necessary to preserve estate value;

(b) Assume or reject executory contracts and unexpired leases under Part V;

(c) Sell estate property free and clear of liens, with proceeds attaching to the lien in order of priority;

(d) Examine the debtor under oath;

(e) Avoid transfers under Part VII; and

(f) Apply for an asset seizure warrant under the Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act to recover non-exempt property of the debtor that has not been surrendered to the Trustee.

(4) The Trustee owes a duty of impartiality to the estate as a whole. They do not represent any individual creditor or the debtor.

(5) The Trustee shall be compensated from the estate in an amount approved by the court, being not less than $2,500 and not exceeding 5% of the gross proceeds distributed, whichever is greater.

(6) Filing Fee and Trustee Minimum Fund.

(a) Every bankruptcy petition shall be accompanied by a graduated filing fee, payable to the Department of Commerce, calculated as follows:

(i) $0 for individual debtors with total unsecured debts under $50,000;

(ii) $250 for individual debtors with total unsecured debts between $50,000 and $200,000;

(iii) $500 for individual debtors with total unsecured debts above $200,000, and for all Incorporated Entity debtors.

(b) The Department of Commerce shall maintain a Trustee Minimum Fund from these collected fees.

(c) Where the estate is insufficient to satisfy the $2,500 minimum compensation under Subsection (5), the difference shall be drawn from the following sources in order:

(i) The Trustee Minimum Fund;

(ii) Pro-rata contribution from creditors in proportion to their allowed claims; and

(iii) The Department of Commerce from its administrative budget, only as a last resort and only where the foregoing sources are exhausted.

(d) The filing fee may be waived by the court for individual debtors who demonstrate genuine inability to pay.

(7) Standard of Care. The Trustee shall perform their duties under this Act with reasonable care, skill, and diligence. The Trustee shall not be liable for:

(a) an error of judgment made in good faith, where the Trustee exercised reasonable care in reaching the decision;

(b) any act or omission taken with the prior approval of the court; or

(c) a loss to the estate arising from circumstances beyond the Trustee's reasonable control.

(8) Removal of the Trustee for Cause.

(a) The debtor, any creditor, or any other party in interest may petition the court to remove and replace the Trustee for cause. Cause includes:

(i) negligence or incompetence in the administration of the estate;

(ii) undue delay that prejudices the estate or parties in interest;

(iii) failure to perform the duties required under this Section;

(iv) loss of impartiality, or a conflict of interest; or

(v) conduct constituting Trustee Misconduct under Part IX.

(b) The court shall hold a hearing within 14 days of the petition and decide on a preponderance of the evidence.

(c) Where the court removes the Trustee, it shall appoint a successor Trustee under Subsection (1). Acts properly taken by the removed Trustee before removal remain valid.

(d) A removal petition is a matter affecting the case as a whole, and the court's determination binds all parties in interest. Frivolous or repeated removal petitions are subject to dismissal, costs, and Frivolous Court Case charges.

(9) Liability, Surcharge, and Recovery.

(a) A Trustee who breaches the standard of care under Subsection (7) is personally liable for the resulting loss.

(b) Where the breach caused loss to the estate as a whole, the recovery shall be restored to the estate and distributed under Part VI. Such a claim belongs to the estate and may be pursued by a successor Trustee, or by a party in interest with leave of the court on the estate's behalf.

(c) Where the breach caused a particular and direct loss to an individual debtor or creditor, distinct from harm to the estate generally, that party may pursue the claim directly and recover directly.

(d) The court may, in addition or in the alternative, reduce or deny the Trustee's compensation under Subsection (5), and order the Trustee to restore to the estate any loss caused by the breach.

(e) No party may recover twice for the same loss.

7. Filing the Petition

(1) A bankruptcy petition may be filed by:

(a) The debtor (a voluntary petition); or

(b) Three or more creditors holding aggregate unsecured claims of at least $5,000, where the debtor is generally not paying debts as they come due (an involuntary petition).

(2) A voluntary petition shall include:

(a) A schedule of all assets, valued at Fair Market Value;

(b) A schedule of all liabilities, identifying secured and unsecured creditors and amounts;

(c) A statement of financial affairs covering the prior 4 months, including all material transfers, payments to insiders, and pending legal actions. For transfers to insiders, or to entities controlled by the debtor or an insider, including special purpose entities, trusts, and other controlled entities, the statement shall cover the prior 1 year; and

(d) The chapter of this Act under which relief is sought.

(3) An involuntary petition shall include:

(a) Documentation of each petitioning creditor's claim against the debtor;

(b) Evidence that the debtor is generally not paying debts as they come due; and

(c) The chapter of this Act under which relief is sought.

(4) Within 14 days after an involuntary petition is accepted by the court under Subsection (5), the debtor shall file the schedules and statement of financial affairs required under Subsection (2)(a) through (c). Failure to comply shall:

(a) Permit the court to draw adverse inferences against the debtor;

(b) Justify summary procedures for asset identification and seizure under Section 6(3) and the Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act; and

(c) Constitute grounds for dismissal with sanctions, or for the court to treat the case as if the debtor were subject to a Long Deport under Section 43.

(5) Court Determination of Filing.

(a) Voluntary Petitions. The court shall accept a voluntary petition unless it appears on the face of the petition that the debtor is not insolvent or the petition is Frivolous as defined in Subsection (8).

(b) Involuntary Petitions. The court shall hold a hearing within 14 days of filing to determine whether grounds exist for the case to proceed. At the hearing:

(i) The petitioning creditors bear the burden of proving the debtor is generally not paying debts as they come due, by a preponderance of the evidence;

(ii) The debtor may appear and contest the petition; and

(iii) The court shall dismiss the petition where grounds are not proven, and may impose costs and Frivolous Court Case charges on the petitioning creditors.

(6) Upon acceptance of the petition by the court, the Department of Commerce shall publish notice of the bankruptcy in #government-announcements (or successor channel), naming the debtor and the date by which proofs of claim must be filed.

(7) Creditors shall have 14 days from the notice date to file a Proof of Claim with the Trustee.

(8) A bankruptcy petition is "Frivolous" if any of the following apply:

(a) The petitioner filed without reasonable belief in the debtor's insolvency;

(b) The petition was filed primarily to delay, harass, or extract leverage rather than to seek bankruptcy relief;

(c) The petitioning creditor lacks a valid claim or standing against the debtor;

(d) The petitioner has filed multiple petitions against the same debtor within 6 months without substantive change in circumstances; or

(e) The petitioner is unable or unwilling to comply with the procedural requirements of this Act in good faith.

For a voluntary petition, the term "petitioner" in this Subsection refers to the debtor, and prong (c) does not apply.

(9) Frivolous bankruptcy petitions shall be subject to dismissal, costs, and Frivolous Court Case charges.

8. Exempt Property

(1) The following property of an individual debtor shall be exempt from the estate and may not be sold or applied to creditor claims:

(a) The debtor's primary residence, being a single plot or dwelling unit the debtor uses as their principal home. The primary residence must be a plot of a residential type, being a residential plot (R), a residential housing plot (RH), an apartment, or a town residential plot. The primary residence exemption does not extend to commercial (C), Skyscraper (S), industrial (I), or ranch plots, regardless of whether the debtor in fact resides there;

(b) Personal effects in the debtor's main inventory and one ender chest up to a combined Fair Market Value of $5,000;

(c) Tools of trade reasonably necessary to maintain the debtor's licensed profession, up to a Fair Market Value of $2,500;

(d) Up to $1,000 in cash held by the debtor; and

(e) Property otherwise protected by law.

(2) A debtor may waive any exemption in writing, but waiver of a residential plot exemption shall require court approval and a finding that waiver is in the debtor's best interest.

(3) Exempt property is not available for distribution to creditors except where it secures a Secured Claim, in which case the secured creditor's lien remains in force notwithstanding the exemption.

(4) Incorporated Entities have no exempt property under this Section.

(5) Anti-Conversion of Non-Exempt Property. Where the debtor acquired the primary residence claimed as exempt under Subsection (1)(a) within 4 months before the petition date, and funded the acquisition in whole or in part with property that would otherwise have been non-exempt, the residence exemption shall not apply to the extent of the value so converted. The portion of the residence's Fair Market Value attributable to the converted non-exempt property shall be included in the estate. This Subsection does not apply where the debtor demonstrates that the acquisition was made in good faith and not in contemplation of bankruptcy.

9. Appeals

(1) Final orders of the Federal Court of Redmont in bankruptcy cases are appealable to the Supreme Court of Redmont within 14 days of entry. Final orders include:

(a) Discharge orders;

(b) Confirmation or denial of confirmation of a Repayment Plan or Reorganization Plan;

(c) Dismissal or conversion of a case;

(d) Final distribution orders; and

(e) Final rulings on avoidance or clawback actions under Part VII.

(2) Interlocutory orders are appealable only with the Supreme Court's permission. Interlocutory orders include:

(a) Relief from the automatic stay;

(b) Trustee compensation orders;

(c) Orders authorizing the assumption or rejection of contracts;

(d) Sale orders; and

(e) Procedural rulings during the pendency of the case.

(3) An appeal does not automatically stay the underlying order. The appellant may petition the Supreme Court for a stay pending appeal, which may be conditioned on the posting of security.

(4) The standard of review on appeal shall be:

(a) Questions of law: reviewed de novo by the Supreme Court;

(b) Findings of fact by the trial court: reviewed only for clear error.

(5) The Supreme Court may affirm, reverse, or modify the order on appeal, or remand the case for further proceedings.

(6) Frivolous appeals shall be subject to dismissal, costs, and Frivolous Court Case charges.

10. Trustee Causes of Action

(1) The Trustee shall have standing to pursue any cause of action that the debtor itself could have pursued immediately before the petition date, including:

(a) Claims for breach of fiduciary duty owed to the debtor under the Legal Entity Act;

(b) Claims for corporate waste, mismanagement, or self-dealing;

(c) Claims for negligence by directors, officers, managers, or agents; and

(d) Any other contractual or tort claim of the debtor.

(2) Notwithstanding Subsection (1) and the standing restrictions of the Legal Entity Act, the Trustee's standing under this Section overrides those standing restrictions for the duration of the bankruptcy case.

(3) The Trustee shall not pursue claims for breach of fiduciary duty against employees of the debtor who are not insiders, unless:

(a) The employee actively conspired with an insider to breach a fiduciary duty; or

(b) The employee personally and directly misappropriated estate property.

(4) Recoveries from claims under this Section become property of the estate and are distributed according to Part VI.

11. Co-Owned Property

(1) Where a plot or other asset is owned by the debtor together with one or more persons who are not debtors in the case, only the debtor's proportional interest in that property forms part of the Estate. The interest of a non-debtor co-owner does not form part of the Estate and is not available to creditors.

(2) Determination of Shares.

(a) The respective ownership shares shall be determined by a written co-ownership agreement, where one exists.

(b) Absent a written co-ownership agreement, the co-owners are presumed to hold equal shares. This presumption may be rebutted by documented evidence of the proportional contribution each co-owner made to the acquisition of the property.

(c) The Trustee or any co-owner may petition the court to determine the respective shares, and the court's determination is binding.

(3) Co-Owner's Right of First Refusal. Before the Trustee disposes of co-owned property, the non-debtor co-owner shall be offered the option to purchase the debtor's interest at Fair Market Value. Where the co-owner exercises this option, the purchase price is paid into the Estate and the co-owned property does not enter liquidation.

(4) Sale of the Whole. Where the non-debtor co-owner declines the option under Subsection (3), the Trustee may, with court approval, sell the entire property, including the interest of the non-debtor co-owner, where the debtor's fractional interest cannot reasonably be sold separately. In that case:

(a) The non-debtor co-owner shall be paid their proportional share of the net sale proceeds first, before any portion of the proceeds enters the distribution under Part VI; and

(b) Only the proceeds attributable to the debtor's proportional interest form part of the Estate and are distributed under Part VI.

(5) Anti-Abuse. Where a co-ownership arrangement was created, or the debtor's proportional share was reduced, within 4 months before the petition date in favour of a non-insider, or within 6 months before the petition date in favour of an insider, the co-ownership shall be scrutinised by the Trustee, and the co-owner claiming the interest bears the burden of proving that the arrangement is genuine, at arm's length, and was not made to place property beyond the reach of creditors. Where that burden is not met, the arrangement may be avoided under Part VII and the property administered as wholly owned by the debtor.

PART III — PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY: LIQUIDATION

12. Eligibility

(1) An individual debtor may file under this Part if:

(a) The debtor is insolvent as defined in Section 3; and

(b) The debtor passes the means test in Subsection 2 of this Section.

(2) Means Test

(a) The debtor's average weekly income over the prior month shall be calculated, excluding government welfare and starting balance.

(b) The debtor qualifies for liquidation under this Part if either: (i) the average is below $10,000 per week; or (ii) the debtor's total unsecured debts exceed 25 times the debtor's average monthly income, being the average weekly income calculated under Subsection (a) multiplied by four.

(c) If the debtor does not qualify under Subsection (b), the debtor is presumed capable of repayment and must instead file under Part IV (Repayment Plan), unless the debtor demonstrates that special circumstances render repayment impossible, or unless the debtor's unsecured debts exceed the eligibility ceiling under Section 15(1)(b), in which case the debtor may proceed under this Part.

13. The Liquidation Process

(1) Upon the Trustee's appointment, the Trustee shall:

(a) Take possession of all non-exempt estate property;

(b) Liquidate the estate property in an orderly manner, preferring sales through the Department of Construction and Transportation auction system or registered exchanges;

(c) Distribute proceeds to creditors in accordance with Part VI.

(2) The debtor shall:

(a) Cooperate fully with the Trustee;

(b) Surrender all non-exempt property;

(c) Attend a meeting of creditors scheduled by the Trustee;

(d) Provide all financial records reasonably requested by the Trustee.

(3) Failure of the debtor to cooperate is grounds for dismissal of the case without discharge.

14. Discharge in Liquidation

(1) Upon completion of liquidation and distribution, the court shall enter a Discharge Order releasing the debtor from personal liability for all pre-petition unsecured debts, except those listed as Non-Dischargeable in Section 30.

(2) Discharge does not affect:

(a) The in rem rights of secured creditors against their collateral;

(b) Non-Dischargeable debts; or

(c) Liability of co-debtors or guarantors.

(3) A debtor may receive a discharge under this Part or Part IV no more than once every 2 months.

PART IV — PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY: REPAYMENT PLAN

15. Eligibility

(1) An individual debtor may file under this Part if:

(a) The debtor has regular income; and

(b) The debtor's unsecured debts do not exceed $500,000.

(2) An individual who does not pass the means test in Part III shall be required to file under this Part if filing personally.

16. The Plan

(1) Within 14 days of filing, the debtor shall propose a Repayment Plan that:

(a) Provides for submission of the debtor's projected disposable income, after exempt property and reasonable living expenses, to the Trustee for distribution to creditors;

(b) Continues for a period of no less than 14 days and no more than 2 months;

(c) Pays all Priority Claims in full over the plan period;

(d) Treats creditors within the same class equally; and

(e) Provides unsecured creditors with at least as much as they would receive in liquidation under Part III.

(2) The plan must be confirmed by the court following notice to creditors. Creditors holding more than one-third of unsecured claims by dollar value, individually or collectively, may object to the plan, in which case the court must find the plan fair and feasible before confirmation.

(3) Upon confirmation, the debtor's property remains in their possession, subject to the plan and the automatic stay.

(4) If the debtor fails to propose a Repayment Plan within the time required by Subsection (1), the court may dismiss the case without discharge, or convert the case to liquidation under Part III.

17. Discharge, Default, and Modification Under the Plan

(1) Upon completion of all payments under a confirmed plan, the court shall enter a Discharge Order releasing the debtor from personal liability for remaining pre-petition unsecured debts, except for Non-Dischargeable debts.

(2) Material Default. A debtor is in material default of a confirmed plan where the debtor:

(a) falls into arrears on plan payments by an amount equal to or exceeding the payments due over any 7-day period; or

(b) otherwise fails to perform a material obligation of the plan.

(3) Notice and Cure. On a material default, the Trustee shall promptly notify the debtor. The debtor has 7 days from the notice to cure the default in full, or to file a proposed modification under Subsection (4). The Trustee or any creditor may apply to the court for relief under Subsection (5) only after the cure period has expired without a cure or a filed modification.

(4) Modification. At any time before completion of the plan, the debtor may propose a modified Repayment Plan. A modified plan must satisfy the requirements of Section 16(1) and is subject to confirmation under Section 16(2). A modified plan may extend the plan period but not beyond the 2-month maximum in Section 16(1)(b). The debtor may not propose more than two modified plans in a single case.

(5) Where a material default is not cured under Subsection (3) and the plan is not modified under Subsection (4), the court may, on application:

(a) Dismiss the case (no discharge);

(b) Convert the case to liquidation under Part III; or

(c) Grant a hardship discharge where failure is due to circumstances beyond the debtor's control.

(6) Conversion Mechanics. Where a case is converted from this Part to liquidation under Part III:

(a) The estate in the converted case consists of the property of the estate as of the original petition date, together with any non-exempt property acquired by the debtor between the petition date and the date of conversion that remains in the debtor's possession;

(b) Payments already distributed to creditors under the confirmed plan are credited against their respective claims and reduce those claims accordingly;

(c) The exemptions under Section 8 continue to apply, determined as of the original petition date; and

(d) Acts properly taken under the confirmed plan before conversion remain valid.

(7) A debtor may receive a discharge under this Part or Part III no more than once every 2 months.

PART V — BUSINESS BANKRUPTCY

18. Application

(1) This Part applies to Incorporated Entities as defined in the Legal Entity Act, including sole proprietorships, LLCs, corporations, and non-profits.

(2) Sole proprietorships shall be treated as personal bankruptcies of the proprietor under Part III or Part IV, with the sole proprietorship's assets and liabilities consolidated into the proprietor's estate, consistent with the sole-proprietorship treatment under the Legal Entity Act.

(3) All other Incorporated Entities shall proceed under this Part.

19. Election: Reorganization or Liquidation

(1) At the time of filing, an Incorporated Entity must elect:

(a) Reorganization, where the business continues operating while restructuring debts under court supervision, subject to the Feasibility Test in Subsection (2); or

(b) Liquidation, where the business is wound up and its assets distributed.

(2) Feasibility Test for Reorganization. An Incorporated Entity may elect Reorganization only where:

(a) The entity demonstrates a viable post-restructuring business model;

(b) The entity has reasonable prospects of continued operations after the plan period;

(c) The entity's projected revenues over the plan period can reasonably be expected to satisfy administrative costs, Class 2 and Class 3 priority claims, and provide unsecured creditors with at least liquidation value;

(d) The entity has not previously failed to complete a Reorganization Plan under this Act within the prior 6 months; and

(e) Where the entity's operations are substantially dependent on the personal labor, skill, or unique knowledge of one or more specific individuals, and one or more of those individuals contributed to the insolvency through misconduct or gross mismanagement, Reorganization shall be presumptively unavailable. The entity may rebut the presumption by demonstrating that those individuals will continue to operate the entity in good faith under conditions established by the Trustee.

(3) Where the entity fails the Feasibility Test, the entity shall proceed under Liquidation.

(4) The court shall conduct the Feasibility Test at the time of filing, or at a hearing convened within 14 days of filing.

(5) Creditors holding more than one-third of unsecured claims by dollar value, individually or collectively, may contest the entity's election of Reorganization. If they demonstrate failure of the Feasibility Test, the court shall order Liquidation.

20. Reorganization

(1) Upon filing for reorganization, the directors and officers shall continue to manage the business as Debtor in Possession, subject to the supervision of the Trustee and the court.

(2) The debtor shall propose a Reorganization Plan within 1 month, which shall:

(a) Designate classes of claims;

(b) Specify treatment of each class;

(c) Provide adequate means for execution;

(d) Pay all Priority Claims in full;

(e) Provide unsecured creditors with at least as much as they would receive in liquidation; and

(f) Where applicable, provide for the issuance of new equity or restructuring of existing equity.

(3) Approval requires:

(a) Acceptance by a majority in number and two-thirds in dollar amount of each impaired class of claims; OR

(b) Court-ordered confirmation despite class rejection ("cramdown"), where:

(i) The plan does not unfairly discriminate;

(ii) Each rejecting class receives at least liquidation value; and

(iii) The plan is fair and equitable.

(4) Upon confirmation, the debtor is bound by the plan terms. Failure to perform is grounds for conversion to liquidation under Section 21.

(5) Workers retained during reorganization continue to be paid wages and benefits as administrative expenses, with priority over pre-petition claims.

(6) Debtor in Possession Duties. While serving as Debtor in Possession, the directors and officers shall:

(a) Operate the business in good faith and consistent with the fiduciary duties under the Legal Entity Act;

(b) Cooperate fully with the Trustee;

(c) Not engage in any transaction outside the ordinary course of business without court approval;

(d) Provide all books, records, and access requested by the Trustee;

(e) Refrain from compensating themselves above pre-petition rates without court approval; and

(f) Comply with all reporting obligations to the court and the Department of Commerce.

Violation of this Subsection is cause for trustee appointment under Subsection (8).

(7) Shareholder and Member Objection Rights. Shareholders and members of an Incorporated Entity in reorganization may object to a proposed Reorganization Plan on the grounds that:

(a) The plan unfairly preserves management's position;

(b) The plan dilutes investor recovery beyond what reorganization economics require; or

(c) The plan fails to address management misconduct that contributed to the insolvency.

(8) Appointment of Reorganization Trustee for Cause. Notwithstanding the Debtor in Possession provision in Subsection (1), the court may at any time during reorganization appoint the Trustee (or a separate Reorganization Trustee) to assume management of the entity, displacing the existing directors and officers, where cause is shown. Cause includes:

(a) Fraud, dishonesty, or material misrepresentation by management;

(b) Gross mismanagement, including taking on excessive risk that contributed to the insolvency;

(c) A material breach of fiduciary duty by management;

(d) Demonstrated inability to operate the entity competently during reorganization; or

(e) Failure by the debtor entity, prior to filing, to maintain financial reporting required by the Commercial Standards Act, Taxation Act, Legal Entity Act, or other applicable laws.

The Trustee, the Department of Commerce, any creditor, or any shareholder holding more than 10% of equity may petition the court for trustee appointment under this Subsection. The court shall hold a hearing within 14 days and decide based on a preponderance of the evidence.

(9) Discharge Upon Completion. Upon the debtor's completion of all payments and obligations under a confirmed Reorganization Plan, the court shall enter a Discharge Order releasing the Incorporated Entity from personal liability for all pre-petition unsecured debts not provided for in the plan, except for Non-Dischargeable debts under Section 30. Discharge under this Subsection does not affect the in rem rights of secured creditors against their collateral, or the liability of co-debtors or guarantors. Where the debtor fails to complete the plan, no discharge shall be entered, and the case is subject to conversion to liquidation under Subsection (4) of this Section.

21. Liquidation of an Incorporated Entity

(1) Upon acceptance of a petition for liquidation, or upon conversion from reorganization, the Trustee shall:

(a) Place the Incorporated Entity in receivership under the receivership provisions of the Legal Entity Act;

(b) Take control of the entity as receiver;

(c) Wind up the entity in accordance with the winding-up provisions of the Legal Entity Act, modified by the priority rules of Part VI of this Act; and

(d) Upon completion, file a Certificate of Dissolution per the Legal Entity Act.

(2) Distributions shall follow the priority order in Part VI of this Act, which supersedes the default equal distribution rule in the Legal Entity Act for the purposes of bankruptcy.

(3) Any residual value after all claims are satisfied shall be distributed to shareholders or members in accordance with the formation instrument.

22. Executory Contracts

(1) The Trustee may, with court approval, assume or reject any executory contract or unexpired lease of the debtor.

(2) Rejection constitutes a breach of contract immediately before filing, giving rise to an unsecured claim for damages.

(3) Assumption requires cure of any pre-existing default and adequate assurance of future performance.

(4) Subsection 1 of this Section overrides any provision of the Contracts Act that would otherwise bar such action.

23. Personally-Held Operational Assets

(1) Where the entity's operations depend on an asset personally held by a director, officer, manager, member, or other insider, the entity must demonstrate at the Feasibility Test under Section 19(2) that the asset will continue to be available to the entity, whether by ownership transfer, licensing, or other arrangement.

(2) Where the insider declines to make the asset available, and the asset cannot reasonably be replaced or substituted, the Feasibility Test under Section 19(2)(a) and (e) shall be deemed not satisfied and the entity shall proceed under Liquidation.

(3) For the avoidance of doubt, the Commonwealth does not compel the transfer of assets external to its in-game jurisdiction, including but not limited to Discord bots, websites, domain names, and intellectual property. Insider non-cooperation results in failure of the Feasibility Test rather than compulsion, and the entity is directed to Liquidation as the appropriate path.

(4) An insider's refusal to cooperate with making operationally necessary personal assets available may, in addition, be considered by the court as evidence of breach of fiduciary duty under the Legal Entity Act and may support claims under Section 10 of this Act.

PART VI — PRIORITY OF CLAIMS

24. Treatment of Secured Claims

(1) Secured claims are paid from their specific collateral outside the priority waterfall, subject to the Worker Carve-Out in Subsection 2 of this Section.

(2) Worker Carve-Out

(a) Before any secured creditor is paid from their collateral, a Worker Carve-Out shall be applied.

(b) The Worker Carve-Out shall be up to $5,000 per worker for unpaid wages, salary, or contractual employee compensation earned within 14 days prior to the petition date.

(c) Where multiple secured creditors exist, the Worker Carve-Out shall be drawn pro rata across all collateral proceeds.

(d) Amounts paid to a worker under the Worker Carve-Out shall reduce that worker's Class 3 priority claim in Section 25 on a dollar-for-dollar basis.

(3) Treatment of collateral:

(a) The Trustee shall identify all collateral and the secured claims it backs;

(b) Collateral shall be sold or surrendered to the secured creditor at Fair Market Value;

(c) After the Worker Carve-Out is satisfied, sale proceeds are applied first to the secured creditor's claim, up to the amount of that claim;

(d) Any surplus is added to the general estate;

(e) Any deficiency (claim amount exceeding collateral value after the Worker Carve-Out) becomes a general unsecured claim and joins the waterfall under Class 5.

25. Distribution Order

(1) After secured creditors have been paid from their collateral under Section 24, the remaining estate property shall be distributed in the following strict order. Each class must be paid in full before the next class receives anything:

(a) Class 1: Administrative expenses of the bankruptcy estate, including Trustee fees, court costs, reasonable professional fees, legal fees of the estate, and damages awarded against the estate during the proceedings;

(b) Class 2: Customer deposits, up to the deposit guarantee limit under the Taxation Act, as that limit may be set from time to time;

(c) Class 3: Remaining unpaid wages, salary, and contractual employee compensation earned within 1 month prior to the petition date, up to $25,000 per worker for workers with at least 14 days of documented employment with the debtor, or up to $5,000 per worker for workers with less than 14 days of documented employment, in each case less any amount already received through the Worker Carve-Out. This is the Worker Priority;

(d) Class 4: Government claims, including unpaid taxes accrued in the 2 months prior to filing;

(e) Class 5: General unsecured claims, including any secured deficiency;

(f) Class 6: Subordinated claims, including penalties and post-petition interest;

(g) Class 7: Equity holders (shareholders or members).

(2) Within each class, claims shall be paid pro rata if estate property is insufficient to satisfy the class in full.

(3) The Worker Carve-Out in Section 24 and the Worker Priority in Class 3 together reflect the Commonwealth's commitment that workers shall not bear the brunt of business failure.

26. Subordination of Insider Claims

(1) Claims held by insiders of the debtor shall be subordinated to all non-insider claims of the same class, except for wages owed to insiders for services actually rendered.

(2) The Trustee may seek further subordination of any claim under principles of equity where the claimant engaged in inequitable conduct.

PART VII — AVOIDANCE AND CLAWBACK

27. Preference Period

(1) The Trustee may avoid and recover any transfer of estate property where the transfer was:

(a) Made within 14 days before the petition date, to a non-insider creditor, on account of a pre-existing debt, while the debtor was insolvent, that enabled the creditor to receive more than they would in liquidation; or

(b) Made within 1 month before the petition date, to an insider, meeting the same conditions.

(2) The following are not avoidable preferences:

(a) Contemporaneous exchanges of value (e.g., ordinary cash purchases);

(b) Transfers in the ordinary course of business; and

(c) Transfers made in good faith reliance on a written contract executed more than 1 month before the petition date.

28. Fraudulent Transfers

(1) The Trustee may avoid any transfer made within the applicable lookback period before the petition date if:

(a) The transfer was made with actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud creditors; or

(b) The debtor received less than reasonably equivalent value in exchange, and the debtor was insolvent at the time or became insolvent as a result.

(2) The applicable lookback period shall be:

(a) 4 months for transfers to non-insiders; and

(b) 6 months for transfers to insiders, or to entities controlled by the debtor or an insider, including special purpose entities, trusts, and other controlled entities.

(3) For transfers falling within Subsection (2)(b), the transferee bears the burden of production to come forward with evidence of good faith and reasonably equivalent value. The ultimate burden of persuasion remains on the Trustee, who must prove the transfer was fraudulent by clear and convincing evidence.

(4) Recovery is from the initial transferee or any subsequent transferee who did not take in good faith for value.

29. Setoffs

(1) Creditors holding pre-petition mutual claims with the debtor may set off such claims, subject to court approval, where the right to setoff existed before filing.

(2) Setoffs perfected within 1 month before filing may be examined for preference treatment.

30. Non-Dischargeable Debts

(1) The following debts are not discharged by bankruptcy:

(a) Debts arising from fraud, including Fraud and bankruptcy fraud under the Criminal Code Act;

(b) Debts arising from intentional wrongful acts causing personal injury or property damage;

(c) Court-imposed fines and penalties for criminal offenses;

(d) Debts owed for embezzlement or larceny;

(e) Debts incurred within 14 days before filing that the debtor had no reasonable means to repay;

(f) Debts not listed in the schedules where the creditor had no notice of the bankruptcy in time to file a claim;

(g) Damages awarded for willful violation of the Whistleblowers Act or similar protective statutes; and

(h) Debts arising from periods during which the debtor entity was required to maintain financial reporting under another Act and failed to do so. The discharge protections of this Act are not available where the debtor's misconduct included concealing the entity's financial state from regulators.

31. Denial of Discharge for Undisclosed Insider Transfers

(1) Notwithstanding the discharge provisions of Section 14 and Section 17, the court may deny the debtor's discharge in whole or in part where:

(a) The debtor failed to disclose a transfer to an insider, controlled entity, special purpose entity, or trust in the statement of financial affairs filed under Section 7 of this Act;

(b) The transfer was made within 1 year before the petition date, regardless of whether the transfer falls within the avoidance lookback under Section 28; and

(c) The Trustee or any creditor demonstrates by clear and convincing evidence that the omission was knowing or reckless.

(2) This Section ensures that a debtor cannot evade creditors by transferring assets to controlled or affiliated entities and waiting out the lookback period before filing.

(3) Denial of discharge under this Section does not affect the validity of the underlying bankruptcy proceedings or the rights of creditors to recover what assets remain in the estate.

PART VIII — SPECIAL RULES FOR FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

32. Coordination with the Department of Commerce

(1) Where the debtor is a Financial Institution, the Department of Commerce retains primary authority under the Taxation Act and the Seizure and Insurance Adjustment Act.

(2) The Department of Commerce may commandeer, seize, or sell a failing Financial Institution under its existing powers without filing a bankruptcy petition under this Act.

(3) Where the Department of Commerce elects to proceed under this Act:

(a) The Department shall serve as Trustee, or shall nominate the Trustee to the court;

(b) The deposit guarantee under the Taxation Act, as that limit may be set from time to time, shall be honored as a Class 2 priority claim;

(c) The Federal Reserve Bank may be called upon to provide liquidity support under the Federal Reserve Act.

33. Financial Stability

(1) The court may consider systemic financial risk when fashioning relief. Where the failure of a Financial Institution would threaten the stability of the Commonwealth's economy, the court shall give substantial weight to recommendations from the Department of Commerce and the Federal Reserve Bank.

PART IX — CRIMINAL CODE ACT AMENDMENTS

34. New Offences

(1) Part VII of the Criminal Code Act is hereby amended to include the following offences:

25 - Bankruptcy Fraud
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 2,250 Penalty Units; up to 60 minutes imprisonment; denial of discharge
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) knowingly makes a false statement under oath, declaration, or in a schedule filed in a bankruptcy case; or
(b) knowingly conceals property from the Trustee or the court; or
(c) knowingly transfers, conceals, or destroys property in contemplation of filing or while a bankruptcy case is pending, with intent to defraud creditors; or
(d) knowingly conceals, destroys, mutilates, or falsifies any book, record, document, or financial information relating to the debtor's affairs, in contemplation of filing or while a bankruptcy case is pending; or
(e) in contemplation of filing, incurs any debt or obtains money, property, or credit with intent not to repay it and to discharge the obligation through bankruptcy; or
(f) knowingly receives, holds, or retains property of the debtor or the estate for the purpose of concealing it from the Trustee or the court.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

26 - False Proof of Claim
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 900 Penalty Units; up to 30 minutes imprisonment
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) knowingly files a false Proof of Claim in a bankruptcy case; or
(b) knowingly receives a distribution from a bankruptcy estate to which the person is not entitled.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

27 - Trustee Misconduct
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 2,250 Penalty Units; up to 60 minutes imprisonment; disqualification from appointment as a Trustee under the Bankruptcy Act
A person commits an offence if the person, while serving as a Trustee under the Bankruptcy Act, or as a Debtor in Possession under Part V of that Act:
(a) knowingly embezzles, misappropriates, or fraudulently applies property of the estate; or
(b) knowingly makes a distribution from the estate contrary to the priority rules of Part VI of the Bankruptcy Act; or
(c) knowingly makes a false entry in, or false report of, the accounts of the estate; or
(d) knowingly acts to advance an interest adverse to the estate while purporting to act on its behalf.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

28 - Bankruptcy Bribery
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 2,250 Penalty Units; up to 60 minutes imprisonment
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) gives, offers, or promises anything of value to a Trustee, a creditor, or any party in interest, with intent to influence any act, vote, objection, or forbearance in a bankruptcy case; or
(b) being a Trustee, creditor, or party in interest, solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept anything of value in exchange for any act, vote, objection, or forbearance in a bankruptcy case.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

29 - Obstruction of a Trustee
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 900 Penalty Units; up to 30 minutes imprisonment
A person commits an offence if the person knowingly:
(a) obstructs, impedes, or interferes with a Trustee, or a Department of Commerce officer acting as a Trustee, in the performance of their duties under the Bankruptcy Act; or
(b) refuses a Trustee access to property, books, or records the Trustee is entitled to under the Bankruptcy Act; or
(c) intimidates or misleads a Trustee for the purpose of frustrating the administration of the estate.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

30 - Unauthorized Post-Petition Disposition of Estate Property
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 900 Penalty Units; up to 30 minutes imprisonment; restitution to the estate
A person commits an offence if the person, after a bankruptcy petition has been accepted by the court, knowingly sells, transfers, encumbers, conceals, or dissipates property of the estate without the authorization of the court or the Trustee.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

31 - Retaliation Against a Worker or Whistleblower in Bankruptcy
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 900 Penalty Units; up to 30 minutes imprisonment; restitution and reinstatement where applicable
A person commits an offence if the person dismisses, demotes, blacklists, threatens, or otherwise retaliates against a worker or any other person for:
(a) filing a Proof of Claim in a bankruptcy case; or
(b) cooperating with the Trustee or the court in a bankruptcy case; or
(c) reporting suspected bankruptcy-related criminal conduct.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

32 - Collusive Secured Lending
Offence Type: Indictable
Penalty: Up to 2,250 Penalty Units; up to 60 minutes imprisonment
A person commits an offence if the person knowingly enters into an agreement with a debtor to extend a secured loan, or to take, perfect, or enforce a security interest in the debtor's property, where a substantial purpose of the agreement is to place that property beyond the reach of another creditor or of the bankruptcy estate, in contemplation of a bankruptcy process.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

(2) Part III of the Criminal Code Act is hereby amended to include the following offence:

18 - Violation of the Automatic Stay
Offence Type: Summary
Penalty: Up to 450 Penalty Units; restitution of any improperly collected amount
A person commits an offence if the person:
(a) knowingly takes action prohibited by the Automatic Stay under the Bankruptcy Act, after notice of the stay.
Relevant Law: Act of Congress - Bankruptcy Act

PART X — COORDINATION WITH OTHER ACTS

35. Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act

(1) The Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act is amended to add the following provision:

7 - Bankruptcy Stay
(1) All asset seizure proceedings, fines for non-compliance, and related actions under this Act are stayed upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition by or against the debtor under the Bankruptcy Act.
(2) Creditors whose recovery actions are stayed shall be entitled to file a Proof of Claim in the bankruptcy case.

(2) The Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act is further amended to add the following provision:

8 - Trustee Standing for Asset Seizure
(1) A Trustee appointed under the Bankruptcy Act shall have standing to apply for an asset seizure warrant under the warrant procedure of this Act, on behalf of the bankruptcy estate, to recover non-exempt property of the debtor that has not been surrendered.
(2) The Department of Justice shall process such applications under the same procedures applicable to applications by other authorized parties.
(3) A Trustee's application must be supported by:
(a) Proof of appointment as Trustee in a pending bankruptcy case;
(b) Identification of the property sought to be seized;
(c) Evidence of the debtor's refusal or failure to surrender the property; and
(d) A court order or referral from the Federal Court of Redmont supervising the bankruptcy case.

36. Legal Entity Act

(1) Liquidation of an Incorporated Entity under Part V of this Act shall be conducted in accordance with the receivership and winding up provisions of the Legal Entity Act, with the following modifications:

(a) The order of distribution shall follow Part VI of this Act, not the default distribution rule under the Legal Entity Act;

(b) The Trustee under this Act shall serve as receiver under the Legal Entity Act.

37. Contracts Act

(1) Section 22 of this Act (Executory Contracts) overrides any provision of the Contracts Act that would prevent the Trustee from assuming or rejecting contracts as part of bankruptcy administration.

38. Anti-Scam Insurance

(1) The Anti-Scam Insurance program under the Debt Recovery Quick Fix Act remains in force. Insured claimants may seek partial recovery under that program for losses caused by a bankrupt debtor, in addition to or in lieu of recovery from the bankruptcy estate.

(2) The Department of Commerce, having paid out under Anti-Scam Insurance, shall be subrogated to the claimant's rights against the estate to the extent of the payout.

39. Taxation Act

(1) Sales of estate property conducted under this Act, whether by the Trustee directly or through the Department of Construction and Transportation auction system, are exempt from the Eviction Tax and the Auction Levy under the Taxation Act.

(2) Bankruptcy sales are court-supervised distributions to satisfy lawful debts and are not ordinary evictions of inactive players walking away with proceeds. Imposing the Eviction Tax or Auction Levy on such sales would reduce creditor recovery, force creditors to seek deficiency judgments, and clog the courts.

(3) Reasonable administrative costs incurred by the Department of Construction and Transportation in conducting bankruptcy-related auctions shall be treated as Class 1 administrative expenses under Section 25 of this Act.

40. Redmont Civil Code Act

(1) Relationship. This Act constitutes a specialised statutory framework. Where this Act and the Redmont Civil Code Act address the same matter, this Act prevails to the extent of any inconsistency. Causes of action, remedies, procedures, and limitation periods established by this Act are operative notwithstanding any provision of the Redmont Civil Code Act to the contrary.

(2) Part II, Section 3(2) of the Redmont Civil Code Act is amended as follows:

"(2) Any civil violation purportedly created by another Act of Congress shall be null and void unless incorporated as an amendment to this Code."

"(2) Any civil violation purportedly created by another Act of Congress shall be null and void unless incorporated as an amendment to this Code, except for rights, remedies, causes of action, and procedures established under the Bankruptcy Act."

(3) Part II, Section 4 of the Redmont Civil Code Act is amended to add the following subsection:

"(6) This Code operates concurrently with, and does not limit or affect, the Bankruptcy Act, which establishes a specialised statutory framework for insolvency, estate administration, creditor priority, avoidance and clawback, and trustee accountability. Where the Bankruptcy Act and this Code address the same matter, the Bankruptcy Act prevails to the extent of any inconsistency. Statutes of limitation, lookback periods, and standing rules established by the Bankruptcy Act apply notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Code."

PART XI — DEPORTATION AND CIVIL INCAPACITY

41. Definitions

(1) For the purposes of this Part, "Short Deport," "Long Deport," "Ban," and "Return" have the meanings given to those terms by the server rules as published and amended by staff from time to time. This Act does not restate or modify those definitions.

42. Effects of Deport Status

(1) The political, legal, asset-related, and platform-access effects of a Short Deport, Long Deport, or Ban on a debtor are governed by the server rules as published and amended by staff from time to time. This Act does not restate, modify, or override those effects.

43. Pre-Filing Long Deport or Ban

(1) Where a debtor is subject to a Long Deport or Ban before any bankruptcy petition is filed:

(a) Any creditor may file an involuntary bankruptcy petition under Section 7(1)(b), notwithstanding the three-creditor and $5,000 thresholds, if the debtor's total outstanding debts exceed $10,000;

(b) The Trustee shall administer the estate without debtor cooperation;

(c) The Federal Court may treat the Long Deport or Ban as analogous to the death of a natural person, and may apply rules customary to administration of a deceased debtor's estate;

(d) All property of the debtor shall be deemed non-exempt, as no debtor remains to occupy or use the property;

(e) Discharge shall not be granted, as it serves no personal benefit; and

(f) Any surplus after creditors, the Worker Carve-Out, and Class 2 customer deposits are satisfied shall be transferred to DCGovernment.

44. Pre-Filing Short Deport

(1) Where a debtor is subject to a Short Deport before any bankruptcy petition is filed:

(a) Any creditor may file an involuntary bankruptcy petition;

(b) The debtor may file a voluntary petition during the Short Deport, exercising their right to legal representation under the applicable server rules;

(c) The case shall proceed normally, with the debtor afforded the cooperation rights of an ordinary debtor;

(d) The automatic stay under Section 5 remains in full effect during the Short Deport;

(e) If the Short Deport is extended to a Long Deport or converted to a Ban during the case, the case shall proceed under Section 43.

45. Deport During Proceedings

(1) Where a debtor becomes subject to a Long Deport or Ban during open bankruptcy proceedings:

(a) The case shall continue under Section 43;

(b) Acts already taken by the Trustee remain valid;

(c) Discharge shall not be granted.

(2) Where a debtor becomes subject to a Short Deport during open bankruptcy proceedings:

(a) The case shall proceed normally with the debtor exercising their rights under the applicable server rules;

(b) Acts already taken by the Trustee remain valid;

(c) Deadlines for debtor action may be extended at the court's discretion to accommodate the Short Deport.

46. Special Rules for Deported Workers

(1) Where a worker entitled to the Worker Carve-Out under Section 24 is subject to a Long Deport or Ban:

(a) The Trustee shall calculate and reserve the worker's share of the carve-out;

(b) Reserved funds shall be held in escrow by the Department of Commerce for up to 2 months;

(c) If the worker is no longer accessible to receive the funds by the end of this period, the funds shall revert to the estate for distribution under the general waterfall.

(2) Where a worker entitled to the Worker Carve-Out is subject to a Short Deport:

(a) The Trustee shall pay the worker's carve-out share by means accessible to the worker, including but not limited to deposit to the worker's in-game account.

(3) Where a worker entitled to a Mechanic's Lien under the Property Lien Act is subject to any deport before filing the Lien:

(a) The 14-day filing window under that Act is tolled for the duration of the deport;

(b) The worker shall have 14 days from Return (in the case of a Short Deport) or from determination of the case otherwise to perfect the Lien.

47. Anti-Abuse: Deport-Induced Insolvency

(1) Where a debtor is subject to a deport or ban, the following shall apply:

(a) Debts incurred in connection with, or in furtherance of, the conduct that caused the deport or ban shall be non-dischargeable, in addition to those listed in Section 30;

(b) The court may deny discharge in whole or part under Section 31;

(c) The Trustee shall investigate the circumstances and report findings to the court.

(2) The Trustee bears the burden of demonstrating the connection between the debts and the deport-causing conduct by clear and convincing evidence. Where no such connection is established, no debts shall be rendered non-dischargeable under this Section.

48. Interaction with Pruning Tax and Eviction

(1) The Pruning Tax under the Taxation Act is suspended for any player who is a debtor in active bankruptcy proceedings, regardless of activity.

(2) Eviction proceedings under the Property Standards Act and the Department of Construction and Transportation are stayed under Section 5 of this Act for any plot of a debtor in active bankruptcy proceedings.

(3) Where bankruptcy proceedings conclude with eviction of the debtor, the Trustee may coordinate with the Department of Construction and Transportation to expedite the auction of estate property.

PART XII — TRANSITION AND REPEALS

49. Repeal of the Bankruptcy Band-Aid Act

(1) The Bankruptcy Band-Aid Act is hereby repealed in its entirety.

(2) Any bankruptcy proceeding commenced under the Bankruptcy Band-Aid Act that has not been completed by the effective date of this Act shall continue under the Bankruptcy Band-Aid Act framework until completion. Parties may petition the court to convert to a case under this Act.

50. Severability

(1) If any provision of this Act is held invalid or unconstitutional, the remainder shall continue in full force and effect.

51. Effective Date

(1) This Act takes effect 7 days after presidential assent, as provided in Section 1(2).

(2) The Department of Commerce shall publish implementation guidance within those 7 days.