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Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of Redmont is the highest court in the nation, hearing all final appeals and challenges to removing a public office holder (see s19a(ii)).
The Supreme Court is presided over by three Justices. The Supreme Court is chaired by a Chief Justice who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. There shall not be more than three (3) Justices (Chief Justice included) on the Supreme Court of Redmont at any given time. All available Justices preside over Supreme Court cases and form a majority opinion. Any Justices who do not agree with the majority opinion deliver individual or joint dissenting opinions which are published alongside the majority opinion. A minimum of two (2) Justices in agreement must be met to deliver a verdict on a Supreme Court case, and where there is a disagreement, the Chief Justice's opinion will prevail. The decision of the Supreme Court is final - there are no further appeals once a matter has been decided by the Supreme Court and the decision is binding on all other courts.
A party can appeal a Supreme Court decision based on a point of law or if a significant amount of new evidence is made available. The appeal must convince the Court that the Justices that heard the original case made an error of law and that the error was of such significance that the decision should be overturned. Some examples of significant errors of law are that the Judge that heard the original case:
1. applied an incorrect principle of law; or
2. made a finding of fact or facts on an important issue which could not be supported by the evidence.
In order to post in the Supreme Court, you must have legal standing (i.e. you are represented by someone who is a lawyer in-game or you are qualified in law in-game yourself)
Powers of the Supreme Court
(a) The Supreme Court of Redmont has original jurisdiction over:
(i) Removal of officials from Public Office (Judicial Officers, Members of Congress, Members of Cabinet)
(ii) Resolving disputes between Government Institutions
(b) The Supreme Court of Redmont is the appellate court for the Federal Court of Redmont.
(c) Other powers of the Supreme Court of Redmont include:
(i) Ordering a party before the Supreme Court to have a lawyer in order to proceed with their case
(ii) Assuming the responsibilities of the District Courts of Redmont and Federal Court of Redmont when necessary.
More information: https://www.democracycraft.net/threads/judicial-standards-act.5868/
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Federal Court
The Federal Court of Redmont hears all major civil and criminal disputes in the first instance and is the appellate court for verdicts made by the District Courts. The Federal Court is presided over by a single Judge. There shall not be more than three (3) Judges on the Federal Court of Redmont at any given time.
Powers of the Federal Court
(a) The Federal Court of Redmont has original jurisdiction over:
(i) Questions of constitutionality
(ii) Major criminal prosecutions that result in jail exceeding 20 minutes or $2500 dollars of fines
(iii) Major civil cases whose value exceeds $20,000 dollars.
(iv) Any cases of significance that do not fit within the established bounds of court jurisdictions.
(b) The Federal Court of Redmont is the appellate court for the District Court of Redmont.
(c) Other powers of the Federal Court of Redmont include:
(i) Issuing warrants
(ii) Ordering a party before the Federal Court to have a lawyer in order to proceed with their case
(iii) Assuming the responsibilities of the District Courts of Redmont when necessary.
More information: https://www.democracycraft.net/threads/judicial-standards-act.5868/
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District Court
The District Courts of Redmont hear all minor civil and criminal disputes in the first instance. The District Courts are presided over by a single Magistrate under the supervision of a Judge or Justice. Each town or city shall be considered a district and shall have one Magistrate. There shall not be more than one (1) Magistrates on the District Court of Redmont per jurisdiction at any given time.
Powers of the District Court
(a) The District Court of Redmont has original jurisdiction over:
(i) arrests
(ii) wrongful seizure
(iii) public official misconduct
(iv) minor criminal prosecutions that result in jail not exceeding 20 minutes or $2500 dollars (inclusive) of fines
(v) minor civil cases whose value does not exceed $20,000 dollars (inclusive).
More information: https://www.democracycraft.net/threads/judicial-standards-act.5868/
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